יָדֹו֙ נָטָ֣ה עַל־הַיָּ֔ם הִרְגִּ֖יז מַמְלָכֹ֑ות יְהוָה֙ צִוָּ֣ה אֶל־כְּנַ֔עַן לַשְׁמִ֖ד מָעֻזְנֶֽיהָ׃
His hand He stretched out over the sea, He shook kingdoms; YHWH commanded against Kenaʿan to destroy its strongholds.
Morphology
- יָדֹו֙ (yado) – Root: יד; Form: Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His hand”; Notes: Often symbolic of power or action.
- נָטָ֣ה (natah) – Root: נטה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He stretched out”; Notes: Describes an act of extension, especially divine intervention.
- עַל־הַיָּ֔ם (ʿal-hayyam) – Root: על, ים; Form: Preposition + definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “over the sea”; Notes: Implies dominion or action directed at the sea.
- הִרְגִּ֖יז (hirgiz) – Root: רגז; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shook”; Notes: Hifil indicates causative action—He caused turmoil.
- מַמְלָכֹ֑ות (mamlekhot) – Root: מלך; Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “kingdoms”; Notes: Collective reference to nations or political entities.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: –; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name, subject of the next clause.
- צִוָּ֣ה (tsivvah) – Root: צוה; Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He commanded”; Notes: Piel intensifies the verb—issued a strong command.
- אֶל־כְּנַ֔עַן (el-Kenaʿan) – Root: אל, כנען; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Kenaʿan”; Notes: Geographic reference to the region of Kenaʿan (Canaan).
- לַשְׁמִ֖ד (lashmid) – Root: שמד; Form: Preposition + Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to destroy”; Notes: Expresses purpose of the command.
- מָעֻזְנֶֽיהָ (maʿuznehah) – Root: מעוז; Form: Noun, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “its strongholds”; Notes: Refers to fortified places or defenses of Kenaʿan.