רֹ֥עָה הִֽתְרֹעֲעָ֖ה הָאָ֑רֶץ פֹּ֤ור הִֽתְפֹּורְרָה֙ אֶ֔רֶץ מֹ֥וט הִֽתְמֹוטְטָ֖ה אָֽרֶץ׃
Broken, utterly broken is the earth; split, completely split is the earth; shaken, violently shaken is the earth.
Morphology
- רֹ֥עָה (roʿah) – Root: רעע; Form: Qal infinitive absolute; Translation: “broken”; Notes: Used for emphasis before the finite verb that follows.
- הִֽתְרֹעֲעָ֖ה (hitroʿaʿah) – Root: רעע; Form: Hitpael perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “is utterly broken”; Notes: Reflexive-intensive form strengthening the action of breaking.
- הָאָ֑רֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Subject of all three clauses in this verse.
- פֹּ֤ור (por) – Root: פרר; Form: Qal infinitive absolute; Translation: “split”; Notes: Emphatic verb form repeated before its finite verb for intensity.
- הִֽתְפֹּורְרָה֙ (hitporerah) – Root: פרר; Form: Hitpael perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “is completely split”; Notes: Same root as “por,” reinforcing the image of shattering or breaking apart.
- אֶ֔רֶץ (erets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “earth”; Notes: Repetition heightens poetic drama and impact.
- מֹ֥וט (mot) – Root: מוט; Form: Qal infinitive absolute; Translation: “shaken”; Notes: Introduces the final line in the triplet with a similar emphatic style.
- הִֽתְמֹוטְטָ֖ה (hitmotetah) – Root: מוט; Form: Hitpael perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “is violently shaken”; Notes: Echoes the previous verbs using reflexive-intensifying form.
- אָֽרֶץ (arets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “earth”; Notes: Final repetition seals the escalating poetic triad of devastation.