יִֽחְי֣וּ מֵתֶ֔יךָ נְבֵלָתִ֖י יְקוּמ֑וּן הָקִ֨יצוּ וְרַנְּנ֜וּ שֹׁכְנֵ֣י עָפָ֗ר כִּ֣י טַ֤ל אֹורֹת֙ טַלֶּ֔ךָ וָאָ֖רֶץ רְפָאִ֥ים תַּפִּֽיל׃ ס
Your dead shall live; my corpses shall rise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust! For your dew is a dew of lights, and the earth shall cast down the Rephaim.
Morphology
- יִֽחְי֣וּ (yiḥyu) – Root: חיה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall live”; Notes: Refers to resurrection or restoration to life.
- מֵתֶ֔יךָ (metekha) – Root: מות; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix; Translation: “your dead”; Notes: The plural possessive refers to the addressee’s dead ones, possibly Yisraʾel’s.
- נְבֵלָתִ֖י (nevelati) – Root: נבל; Form: Noun, feminine singular + 1cs suffix; Translation: “my corpse”; Notes: Singular term, used here in poetic parallelism with “your dead.”
- יְקוּמ֑וּן (yequmun) – Root: קום; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with nun emphatic suffix; Translation: “they shall rise”; Notes: Emphatic form used poetically for resurrection.
- הָקִ֨יצוּ (haqitsu) – Root: קיץ; Form: Hiphil imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “Awake!”; Notes: A call to rise from sleep or death.
- וְרַנְּנ֜וּ (ve-rannenu) – Root: רנן; Form: Piel imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and sing!”; Notes: Used in joyful or triumphant contexts.
- שֹׁכְנֵ֣י (shokhnei) – Root: שׁכן; Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “those who dwell”; Notes: In construct with “dust.”
- עָפָ֗ר (ʿafar) – Root: עפר; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “dust”; Notes: Refers to the grave or earth where the dead lie.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason.
- טַ֤ל (tal) – Root: טלל; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “dew”; Notes: Often symbolic of life or blessing.
- אֹורֹת֙ (orot) – Root: אור; Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “lights”; Notes: Can represent divine or heavenly light.
- טַלֶּ֔ךָ (talekha) – Root: טלל; Form: Noun + 2ms suffix; Translation: “your dew”; Notes: Parallel to “dew of lights.”
- וָאָ֖רֶץ (va-aretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun, feminine singular with conjunction; Translation: “and the earth”; Notes: Subject of the next clause.
- רְפָאִ֥ים (refaʾim) – Root: רפא; Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Rephaim”; Notes: Possibly shades/spirits of the dead or ancient giants; context suggests the dead.
- תַּפִּֽיל (tappil) – Root: נפל; Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “shall cast down”; Notes: Earth as the subject, casting out the dead from it.