וְהָיָ֗ה כֹּ֤ל מַֽעֲבַר֙ מַטֵּ֣ה מֽוּסָדָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָנִ֤יחַ יְהוָה֙ עָלָ֔יו בְּתֻפִּ֖ים וּבְכִנֹּרֹ֑ות וּבְמִלְחֲמֹ֥ות תְּנוּפָ֖ה נִלְחַם־בָּֽהּ׃
And every stroke of the rod of decree that YHWH shall lay upon it shall be with tambourines and with lyres, and in battles of brandishing He will fight against her.
Morphology
- וְהָיָ֗ה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol, meaning future); Translation: “And it shall be”; Notes: Signals a prophetic future event.
- כֹּ֤ל (kol) – Root: כל; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “every”; Notes: Functions as a universal quantifier.
- מַֽעֲבַר֙ (maʿavar) – Root: עבר; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “stroke” or “passing over”; Notes: In context, refers to each application or pass of the rod.
- מַטֵּ֣ה (matteh) – Root: נטה; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “rod”; Notes: Symbol of authority or punishment.
- מוּסָדָ֔ה (musadah) – Root: יסד; Form: Pual participle feminine singular; Translation: “decreed” or “founded”; Notes: Passive form, denoting something laid down or appointed.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that” or “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- יָנִ֤יחַ (yaniyaḥ) – Root: נוח; Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall lay”; Notes: Causative, denotes intentional placing.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- עָלָ֔יו (ʿalav) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon it”; Notes: Refers to the object being struck.
- בְּתֻפִּ֖ים (be-tuppim) – Root: תף; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “with tambourines”; Notes: Instrument associated with festive or cultic celebration.
- וּבְכִנֹּרֹ֑ות (u-ve-kinnorot) – Root: כִּנּוֹר; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and with lyres”; Notes: Lyre, stringed instrument often used in worship.
- וּבְמִלְחֲמֹ֥ות (u-ve-milkhamot) – Root: לחם; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and in battles”; Notes: Standard form for combat or war.
- תְּנוּפָ֖ה (tenufah) – Root: נוף; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “of brandishing” or “waving”; Notes: Can refer to ritual or aggressive movement.
- נִלְחַם־בָּֽהּ׃ (nilḥam-bah) – Root: לחם; Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + preposition + pronoun; Translation: “He fought against her”; Notes: Nifal used intransitively for combat; feminine suffix refers to a nation or city (e.g., Ashshur).