Isaiah 34:17

וְהֽוּא־הִפִּ֤יל לָהֶן֙ גֹּורָ֔ל וְיָדֹ֛ו חִלְּקַ֥תָּה לָהֶ֖ם בַּקָּ֑ו עַד־עֹולָם֙ יִֽירָשׁ֔וּהָ לְדֹ֥ור וָדֹ֖ור יִשְׁכְּנוּ־בָֽהּ׃ ס

And He cast the lot for them, and His hand apportioned it to them by the line. Forever they shall possess it; from generation to generation they shall dwell in it.

Morphology

1. וְהוּא־הִפִּ֤יל (ve-hu hippīl) – Root: נפל; Form: Conjunction + pronoun + Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He cast”; Notes: Causative of “to fall,” here used idiomatically for casting lots.
2. לָהֶן֙ (la-hen) – Root: הֵן; Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine plural suffix; Translation: “for them (fem.)”; Notes: Refers to the animals described previously.
3. גֹּורָ֔ל (goral) – Root: גורל; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “lot”; Notes: Refers to divinely assigned inheritance or fate.
4. וְיָדֹו (ve-yado) – Root: יד; Form: Noun feminine singular in construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and His hand”; Notes: A personification of divine agency.
5. חִלְּקַ֥תָּה (ḥilleqatah) – Root: חלק; Form: Piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “has apportioned it”; Notes: Feminine subject possibly in parallelism with “hand.”
6. לָהֶ֖ם (lahem) – Root: הֵם; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Masculine plural here generalizes or includes both genders.
7. בַּקָּ֑ו (ba-qav) – Root: קו; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “by the line”; Notes: Refers to the measuring line, symbol of assigned portion.
8. עַד־עֹולָם֙ (ʿad-ʿolam) – Root: עולם; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Expresses permanence of inheritance.
9. יִֽירָשׁ֔וּהָ (yirashuha) – Root: ירשׁ; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “they shall possess it”; Notes: Ongoing or future inheritance.
10. לְדֹ֥ור (le-dor) – Root: דור; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “to generation”; Notes: Indicates a generational sequence.
11. וָדֹ֖ור (va-dor) – Root: דור; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and generation”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes continuity.
12. יִשְׁכְּנוּ־בָֽהּ (yishkənu-vah) – Root: שׁכן; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “they shall dwell in it”; Notes: Refers to the enduring habitation of the assigned land.