הִנְנִ֨י עֹשֶׂ֤ה חֲדָשָׁה֙ עַתָּ֣ה תִצְמָ֔ח הֲלֹ֖וא תֵֽדָע֑וּהָ אַ֣ף אָשִׂ֤ים בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ דֶּ֔רֶךְ בִּֽישִׁמֹ֖ון נְהָרֹֽות׃
Behold, I am doing a new thing; now it shall spring forth, do you not know it? Indeed, I will make a way in the wilderness, rivers in the desert.
Morphology
- הִנְנִ֨י (hineni) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Emphatic self-announcement by YHWH.
- עֹשֶׂ֤ה (ʿoseh) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “am doing”; Notes: Present/future ongoing action.
- חֲדָשָׁה (ḥadashah) – Root: חדשׁ; Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “a new thing”; Notes: Direct object of the verb; speaks of divine innovation.
- עַתָּ֣ה (ʿattah) – Root: –; Form: Adverb; Translation: “now”; Notes: Indicates immediate timing of divine action.
- תִצְמָ֔ח (titsmaḥ) – Root: צמח; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it shall spring forth”; Notes: Refers to the unfolding of the new thing.
- הֲלֹוא (halo) – Root: –; Form: Interrogative particle + negative; Translation: “do you not…?”; Notes: Introduces rhetorical question expecting affirmation.
- תֵֽדָע֑וּהָ (tedaʿuha) – Root: ידע; Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “do you not know it?”; Notes: References recognition of divine initiative.
- אַף (af) – Root: –; Form: Adverb; Translation: “indeed” or “also”; Notes: Adds emphasis to what follows.
- אָשִׂ֤ים (ʾasim) – Root: שׂים; Form: Qal imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will make”; Notes: Divine determination and future act.
- בַּמִּדְבָּר (ba-midbar) – Root: דבר; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Wilderness as place of barrenness or trial.
- דֶּרֶךְ (derekh) – Root: דרך; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a way”; Notes: Symbol of provision or divine intervention.
- בִּֽישִׁמֹ֖ון (bi-yishimon) – Root: ישׁם; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the desert”; Notes: Poetic synonym for wilderness emphasizing desolation.
- נְהָרֹֽות (neharot) – Root: נהר; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “rivers”; Notes: Life-giving streams—symbolic of divine abundance in barren places.