Isaiah 47:10

וַתִּבְטְחִ֣י בְרָעָתֵ֗ךְ אָמַרְתְּ֙ אֵ֣ין רֹאָ֔נִי חָכְמָתֵ֥ךְ וְדַעְתֵּ֖ךְ הִ֣יא שֹׁובְבָ֑תֶךְ וַתֹּאמְרִ֣י בְלִבֵּ֔ךְ אֲנִ֖י וְאַפְסִ֥י עֹֽוד׃

And you trusted in your evil; you said, ‘None sees me.’ Your wisdom and your knowledge, it has turned you aside. And you said in your heart, ‘I am, and there is none besides me.’

Morphology

1. וַתִּבְטְחִי (va-tivtḥi) – Root: בטח (bataḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “And you trusted”; Notes: Addresses the feminine subject, likely Babylon; expresses misplaced confidence.
2. בְרָעָתֵךְ (ve-raʿatekh) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in your evil”; Notes: The trust is placed in wickedness or wrongdoing.
3. אָמַרְתְּ (amart) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you said”; Notes: Continuation of Babylon’s internal thought or speech.
4. אֵין (ʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Negative existential particle; Translation: “None”; Notes: Denies existence — “there is no one.”
5. רֹאָנִי (roʾani) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “sees me”; Notes: The subject (none) is implied — no one sees.
6. חָכְמָתֵךְ (ḥokhmatek) – Root: חכם (ḥakham); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your wisdom”; Notes: Describes Babylon’s self-perceived cleverness.
7. וְדַעְתֵּךְ (ve-daʿtekh) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and your knowledge”; Notes: Continues the parallel of intellectual arrogance.
8. הִיא (hiʾ) – Root: הוא (huʾ/hiʾ); Form: Pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers back to wisdom and knowledge, feminine in Hebrew.
9. שֹׁובְבָתֶךְ (shovvatekh) – Root: שׁוב (shuv); Form: Noun feminine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “has turned you aside”; Notes: A rare noun form; indicates seductive, misleading influence.
10. וַתֹּאמְרִי (va-toʾmri) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “And you said”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes arrogance or self-deception.
11. בְלִבֵּךְ (ve-libbekh) – Root: לבב (levav); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in your heart”; Notes: Inner speech, thought.
12. אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: אנכ (ʾanokhi); Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I am”; Notes: Assertion of self-existence or identity.
13. וְאַפְסִי (ve-ʾafsi) – Root: אפס (ʾefes); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and there is none besides me”; Notes: Total claim of exclusivity and supremacy.
14. עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: עוד (ʿod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “besides”; Notes: Often translated “further” or “again,” here it supports the meaning “none else.”