Isaiah 48:10

הִנֵּ֥ה צְרַפְתִּ֖יךָ וְלֹ֣א בְכָ֑סֶף בְּחַרְתִּ֖יךָ בְּכ֥וּר עֹֽנִי׃

Behold, I have refined you, but not as silver; I have chosen you in the furnace of affliction.

Morphology

1. הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Introduces an emphatic declaration or revelation.
2. צְרַפְתִּיךָ (tseraftikha) – Root: צרף; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I have refined you”; Notes: Refers to the process of purification, often through suffering.
3. וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “but not”; Notes: Introduces a contrast to the manner of refining.
4. בְכָסֶף (be-kasef) – Root: כסף; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “as silver”; Notes: Implies a more literal or material refining process that is being negated.
5. בְּחַרְתִּיךָ (baḥartikha) – Root: בחר; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I have chosen you”; Notes: Denotes divine election or purposeful selection.
6. בְּכוּר (bekur) – Root: כור; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “in a furnace”; Notes: Refers to a smelting place, used metaphorically for intense suffering.
7. עֹנִי (ʿoni) – Root: ענה; Form: Noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “of affliction”; Notes: Signifies hardship or suffering through which refinement occurs.