הִתְעֹורְרִ֣י הִֽתְעֹורְרִ֗י ק֚וּמִי יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁתִ֛ית מִיַּ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־כֹּ֣וס חֲמָתֹ֑ו אֶת־קֻבַּ֜עַת כֹּ֧וס הַתַּרְעֵלָ֛ה שָׁתִ֖ית מָצִֽית׃
Awake, awake, rise up, Yerushalayim, you who have drunk from the hand of YHWH the goblet of His wrath, the bowl of the goblet of staggering you have drunk, you have drained it.
Morphology
- הִתְעֹורְרִ֣י (hitʿorerī) – Root: עור (ʿur); Form: Hitpael imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Awake yourself”; Notes: Reflexive imperative addressed to Yerushalayim, emphasizing self-stirring.
- הִתְעֹורְרִ֗י (hitʿorerī) – Root: עור (ʿur); Form: Repetition of Hitpael imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Awake yourself”; Notes: Poetic intensification of urgency.
- ק֚וּמִי (qūmī) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Rise up”; Notes: Call to take action and be restored.
- יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים (Yerushalayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: Directly addressed as a personified city.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative particle; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause describing Yerushalayim’s condition.
- שָׁתִ֛ית (shatit) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you have drunk”; Notes: Refers to receiving divine wrath.
- מִיַּ֥ד (mi-yad) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “from the hand of”; Notes: Indicates the source of the judgment.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Source of the cup of wrath.
- אֶת־כֹּ֣וס (et-kos) – Root: כוס (kos); Form: Definite direct object marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the goblet”; Notes: Object of the verb “drunk.”
- חֲמָתֹ֑ו (ḥamatō) – Root: חמה (ḥemah); Form: Noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “of His wrath”; Notes: Construct chain describing the nature of the goblet.
- אֶת־קֻבַּ֜עַת (et-qubbaʿat) – Root: קבע (qubbaʿ); Form: Definite direct object marker + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the bowl”; Notes: A large, deep cup—emphasizing fullness of judgment.
- כֹּ֧וס הַתַּרְעֵלָ֛ה (kos ha-tarʿelah) – Root: תרעל (tarʿelah); Form: Noun masculine singular + definite article + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the goblet of staggering”; Notes: Symbolic of divine disorientation and affliction.
- שָׁתִ֖ית (shatit) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you have drunk”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- מָצִֽית (matsit) – Root: מצה (matsah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you have drained”; Notes: Indicates having consumed it fully—nothing left in the cup of wrath.