שִׂמְח֧וּ אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֛ם וְגִ֥ילוּ בָ֖הּ כָּל־אֹהֲבֶ֑יהָ שִׂ֤ישׂוּ אִתָּהּ֙ מָשֹׂ֔ושׂ כָּל־הַמִּֽתְאַבְּלִ֖ים עָלֶֽיהָ׃
“Rejoice with Yerushalayim and be glad for her, all who love her; exult with her in joy, all who mourn over her.
Morphology
- שִׂמְח֧וּ (simḥu) – Root: שׂמח; Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “Rejoice”; Notes: A call to joyful celebration.
- אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֛ם (ʾet-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלם; Form: Accusative marker + proper noun; Translation: “with Yerushalayim”; Notes: Direct object of rejoicing, the city personified.
- וְגִ֥ילוּ (ve-gilu) – Root: גיל; Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and be glad”; Notes: Parallel command to “rejoice,” emphasizing joy.
- בָ֖הּ (vah) – Root: היא; Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “for her” or “in her”; Notes: Refers back to Yerushalayim.
- כָּל־אֹהֲבֶ֑יהָ (kol-ohaveha) – Root: אהב; Form: Noun masculine plural participle with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “all who love her”; Notes: Those who are emotionally attached to the city.
- שִׂ֤ישׂוּ (sisu) – Root: שׂושׂ; Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “Exult”; Notes: Intensified joy or exuberant rejoicing.
- אִתָּהּ֙ (ittah) – Root: את; Form: Preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “with her”; Notes: Indicates shared joy or solidarity with Yerushalayim.
- מָשֹׂ֔ושׂ (masos) – Root: שׂושׂ; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “joy”; Notes: Abstract noun intensifying the emotion of rejoicing.
- כָּל־הַמִּֽתְאַבְּלִ֖ים (kol-ha-mitʾabbelim) – Root: אבל; Form: Noun + definite article + Hitpael participle masculine plural; Translation: “all who mourn”; Notes: Mourning over Yerushalayim’s past desolation.
- עָלֶֽיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “over her”; Notes: Refers to mourning for the city’s suffering or exile.