וַיִּצָּעֵק֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖ר צָפֹ֑ונָה וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ לְיִפְתָּ֜ח מַדּ֣וּעַ עָבַ֣רְתָּ לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם בִּבְנֵי־עַמֹּ֗ון וְלָ֨נוּ֙ לֹ֤א קָרָ֨אתָ֙ לָלֶ֣כֶת עִמָּ֔ךְ בֵּיתְךָ֕ נִשְׂרֹ֥ף עָלֶ֖יךָ בָּאֵֽשׁ׃
And a man of Efrayim cried out, and he passed northward, and they said to Yiftaḥ, “Why did you cross over to fight against the sons of ʿAmmon, and you did not call us to go with you? We will burn your house over you with fire!”
Morphology
- וַיִּצָּעֵק֙ (va-yitzaʿeq) – Root: צעק (tzaʿaq); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he cried out”; Notes: Expresses a loud outcry.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “A man”; Notes: Refers to an individual of Efrayim.
- אֶפְרַ֔יִם (Efrayim) – Root: אפרים (Efrayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Efrayim”; Notes: Identifies the tribe.
- וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖ר (va-yaʿavor) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he passed”; Notes: Describes movement.
- צָפֹ֑ונָה (tzafonah) – Root: צפון (tzafon); Form: Adverb (directional); Translation: “northward”; Notes: Indicates the direction of movement.
- וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ (va-yomru) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- לְיִפְתָּ֜ח (le-Yiftaḥ) – Root: יפתח (Yiftaḥ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “to Yiftaḥ”; Notes: Identifies the recipient of the speech.
- מַדּ֣וּעַ (madduaʿ) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why?”; Notes: Introduces a question.
- עָבַ֣רְתָּ (ʿavarta) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You crossed”; Notes: Refers to crossing over to battle.
- לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם (le-hillaḥem) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Nifal infinitive construct; Translation: “to fight”; Notes: Purpose clause.
- בִּבְנֵי־עַמֹּ֗ון (bi-vnei ʿAmmon) – Root: בן (ben) + עמון (ʿAmmon); Form: Construct noun phrase; Translation: “against the sons of ʿAmmon”; Notes: Identifies the enemy.
- וְלָ֨נוּ֙ (ve-lanu) – Root: ל (le) + אנחנו (anaḥnu); Form: Preposition with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “and to us”; Notes: Emphasizes their grievance.
- לֹ֤א קָרָ֨אתָ֙ (lo qarata) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You did not call”; Notes: Complaint about being left out.
- לָלֶ֣כֶת (la-lekhet) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to go”; Notes: Infinitive expressing purpose.
- עִמָּ֔ךְ (immakh) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Expresses their expected involvement.
- בֵּיתְךָ֕ (beitekha) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your house”; Notes: The object of their threat.
- נִשְׂרֹ֥ף (nisrof) – Root: שרף (saraf); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person plural; Translation: “We will burn”; Notes: Expresses intent.
- עָלֶ֖יךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Indicates the target.
- בָּאֵֽשׁ׃ (ba-esh) – Root: אש (esh); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “with fire”; Notes: Specifies the means of destruction.