וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ בְנֵי־דָ֣ן מִֽמִּשְׁפַּחְתָּ֡ם חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֣ים מִקְצֹותָם֩ אֲנָשִׁ֨ים בְּנֵי־חַ֜יִל מִצָּרְעָ֣ה וּמֵֽאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֗ל לְרַגֵּ֤ל אֶת־הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ וּלְחָקְרָ֔הּ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם לְכ֖וּ חִקְר֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַר־אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ עַד־בֵּ֣ית מִיכָ֔ה וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ שָֽׁם׃
And the sons of Dan sent from their family five men from their borders, men of valor, from Tsorʿa and from Eshtaʾol, to spy out the land and to search it, and they said to them, “Go, search the land.” And they came to the hill country of Ephrayim, as far as the house of Mikha, and they lodged there.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ (vayyishleḥu) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they sent”; Notes: Refers to the sons of Dan.
- בְנֵי־דָ֣ן (bene-Dan) – Root: דן (Dan); Form: Construct phrase, masculine plural; Translation: “the sons of Dan”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
- מִֽמִּשְׁפַּחְתָּ֡ם (mimishpaḥtam) – Root: משפחה (mishpaḥah); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from their family”; Notes: Indicates tribal lineage.
- חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה (ḥamishah) – Root: חמש (ḥamesh); Form: Numeral, masculine plural; Translation: “five”; Notes: Specifies the number of men.
- אֲנָשִׁ֣ים (ʾanashim) – Root: אנש (ʾenosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “men”; Notes: Describes the individuals sent.
- מִקְצֹותָם֩ (miqtzotam) – Root: קצה (qatzeh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from their borders”; Notes: Indicates origin.
- אֲנָשִׁ֨ים (ʾanashim) – Root: אנש (ʾenosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “men”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- בְּנֵי־חַ֜יִל (bene-ḥayil) – Root: חיל (ḥayil); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “men of valor”; Notes: Indicates warriors or strong individuals.
- מִצָּרְעָ֣ה (mi-Tsorʿah) – Root: צרעה (Tsorʿah); Form: Proper noun, with preposition; Translation: “from Tsorʿah”; Notes: Specifies place of origin.
- וּמֵֽאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֗ל (u-meʾEshtaʾol) – Root: אשתאול (Eshtaʾol); Form: Proper noun, with preposition; Translation: “and from Eshtaʾol”; Notes: Another place of origin.
- לְרַגֵּ֤ל (leraggel) – Root: רגל (ragal); Form: Piel infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to spy out”; Notes: Indicates purpose.
- אֶת־הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ (et-haʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article and direct object marker; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Object of the verb.
- וּלְחָקְרָ֔הּ (u-leḥaqerah) – Root: חקר (ḥaqar); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition and 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and to search it”; Notes: Further elaboration.
- וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ (vayyoʾmeru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they said”; Notes: Direct speech introduction.
- אֲלֵהֶ֔ם (alehem) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Indicates direction of speech.
- לְכ֖וּ (leku) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Go”; Notes: Command.
- חִקְר֣וּ (ḥiqru) – Root: חקר (ḥaqar); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “search”; Notes: Further command.
- אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ (et-haʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article and direct object marker; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Object of the command.
- וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ (vayyavoʾu) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they came”; Notes: Action follows command.
- הַר־אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ (har-Ephrayim) – Root: אפרים (Ephrayim); Form: Proper noun, with definite article; Translation: “the hill country of Ephrayim”; Notes: Geographic location.
- עַד־בֵּ֣ית מִיכָ֔ה (ʿad-beit Mikhah) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Construct with proper noun; Translation: “as far as the house of Mikhah”; Notes: Destination.
- וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ (vayyalinu) – Root: לון ; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they lodged”; Notes: Describes their overnight stay.
- שָֽׁם׃ (sham) – Root: שם (sham); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Indicates location of lodging.