וְלֹֽא־אָב֤וּ הָאֲנָשִׁים֙ לִשְׁמֹ֣עַֽ לֹ֔ו וַיַּחֲזֵ֤ק הָאִישׁ֙ בְּפִ֣ילַגְשֹׁ֔ו וַיֹּצֵ֥א אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הַח֑וּץ וַיֵּדְע֣וּ אֹ֠ותָהּ וַיִּֽתְעַלְּלוּ־בָ֤הּ כָּל־הַלַּ֨יְלָה֙ עַד־הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֖וּהָ בעלות הַשָּֽׁחַר׃
But the men were unwilling to listen to him, so the man took hold of his concubine and brought her out to them outside, and they knew her and abused her all night until the morning, and they let her go at the break of dawn.
Morphology
- וְלֹֽא־אָב֤וּ (velo-avvu) – Root: אבה (avah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “But they were unwilling”; Notes: Expresses refusal.
- הָאֲנָשִׁים֙ (ha-anashim) – Root: אנש (enosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural, definite; Translation: “the men”; Notes: Refers to the townsmen.
- לִשְׁמֹ֣עַֽ (lishmoaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to listen”; Notes: Indicates hearing and obeying.
- לֹ֔ו (lo) – Root: לו (lo); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Direct object.
- וַיַּחֲזֵ֤ק (vayyaḥazek) – Root: חזק (ḥazaq); Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “so he took hold”; Notes: Expresses forceful action.
- הָאִישׁ֙ (ha-ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the man”; Notes: Refers to the host.
- בְּפִ֣ילַגְשֹׁ֔ו (be-pilagsho) – Root: פילגש (pilegesh); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his concubine”; Notes: Possessive suffix indicates belonging.
- וַיֹּצֵ֥א (vayyotze) – Root: יצא (yatza); Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he brought out”; Notes: Causative action.
- אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (aleihem) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Directional phrase.
- הַח֑וּץ (ha-ḥutz) – Root: חוץ (ḥutz); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “outside”; Notes: Indicates movement outdoors.
- וַיֵּדְע֣וּ (vayyedeʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they knew”; Notes: Euphemism for sexual relations.
- אֹ֠ותָהּ (otah) – Root: את (et); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “her”; Notes: Direct object.
- וַיִּֽתְעַלְּלוּ־בָ֤הּ (vayyitʿallalu-vah) – Root: עלל (ʿalal); Form: Hitpael wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they abused her”; Notes: Intensive action.
- כָּל־הַלַּ֨יְלָה֙ (kol-ha-laylah) – Root: לילה (laylah); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all night”; Notes: Indicates duration.
- עַד־הַבֹּ֔קֶר (ʿad-ha-boqer) – Root: בקר (boqer); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “until the morning”; Notes: Time reference.
- וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֖וּהָ (vayyshalḥuha) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and they let her go”; Notes: Expresses dismissal.
- בעלות הַשָּֽׁחַר׃ (beʿalot ha-shaḥar) – Root: עלה (ʿalah) + שחר (shaḥar); Form: Infinitive construct with noun; Translation: “at the break of dawn”; Notes: Time expression.