חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וְכָל־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְהַצִּ֣ידֹנִ֔י וְהַ֣חִוִּ֔י יֹשֵׁ֖ב הַ֣ר הַלְּבָנֹ֑ון מֵהַר֙ בַּ֣עַל חֶרְמֹ֔ון עַ֖ד לְבֹ֥וא חֲמָֽת׃
The five lords of the Pelishtim, and all the Kenaʿani, and the Tsidoni, and the Ḥivvi who dwelt in Mount Levanon, from Mount Baʿal Ḥermon to the entrance of Ḥamat.
Morphology
- חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת (ḥameshet) – Root: חמש (ḥamesh); Form: Numeral, feminine construct; Translation: “The five”; Notes: Indicates quantity.
- סַרְנֵ֣י (sarnei) – Root: סרן (saren); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “lords of”; Notes: A title for Philistine rulers.
- פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת (Peleshet); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- וְכָל־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ (ve-kol ha-Kenaʿani) – Root: כנען (Kenaʿan); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “and all the Kenaʿani”; Notes: Refers to the Canaanites as a collective.
- וְהַצִּ֣ידֹנִ֔י (ve-ha-Tsidoni) – Root: צידון (Tsidon); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “and the Tsidoni”; Notes: Refers to the Sidonians.
- וְהַ֣חִוִּ֔י (ve-ha-Ḥivvi) – Root: חוי (Ḥivvi); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “and the Ḥivvi”; Notes: A Canaanite ethnic group.
- יֹשֵׁ֖ב (yoshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal participle, masculine singular; Translation: “who dwelt”; Notes: Describes location.
- הַ֣ר הַלְּבָנֹ֑ון (har ha-Levanon) – Root: הר (har), לבנון (Levanon); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “Mount Levanon”; Notes: Refers to the Lebanon mountain range.
- מֵהַר֙ (me-har) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “from Mount”; Notes: Indicates starting location.
- בַּ֣עַל חֶרְמֹ֔ון (Baʿal Ḥermon) – Root: בעל (Baʿal), חרמון (Ḥermon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Baʿal Ḥermon”; Notes: A mountain associated with Baʿal worship.
- עַ֖ד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Indicates endpoint.
- לְבֹ֥וא (le-vo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “the entrance of”; Notes: Refers to a place of arrival.
- חֲמָֽת (Ḥamat) – Root: חמת (Ḥamat); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥamat”; Notes: A major city in northern Syria.