Judges 8:28

וַיִּכָּנַ֣ע מִדְיָ֗ן לִפְנֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלֹ֥א יָסְפ֖וּ לָשֵׂ֣את רֹאשָׁ֑ם וַתִּשְׁקֹ֥ט הָאָ֛רֶץ אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בִּימֵ֥י גִדְעֹֽון׃ פ

And Midyan was humbled before the sons of Yisraʾel, and they did not again lift up their head. And the land was at rest for forty years in the days of Gideʿon.

Morphology

1. וַיִּכָּנַ֣ע (vayyikanaʿ) – Root: כנע (kanaʿ); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And was humbled”; Notes: Indicates submission or defeat.
2. מִדְיָ֗ן (Midyan) – Root: מדין (Midyan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Midyan”; Notes: Refers to the defeated nation.
3. לִפְנֵי֙ (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates subjugation.
4. בְּנֵ֣י (bene) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “sons of”; Notes: Indicates lineage.
5. יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
6. וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces negation.
7. יָסְפ֖וּ (yasfu) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they did not again”; Notes: Indicates cessation.
8. לָשֵׂ֣את (laseʾet) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to lift up”; Notes: Expresses an action they ceased.
9. רֹאשָׁ֑ם (rosham) – Root: ראש (rosh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their head”; Notes: Symbolizes pride or authority.
10. וַתִּשְׁקֹ֥ט (vattishqot) – Root: שקט (shaqat); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and was at rest”; Notes: Indicates peace.
11. הָאָ֛רֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the territory of Yisraʾel.
12. אַרְבָּעִ֥ים (arbaʿim) – Root: ארבע (arbaʿ); Form: Numeral; Translation: “forty”; Notes: Specifies duration.
13. שָׁנָ֖ה (shanah) – Root: שנה (shanah); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “years”; Notes: Unit of time.
14. בִּימֵ֥י (bi-yemei) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “in the days of”; Notes: Indicates a time period.
15. גִדְעֹֽון׃ (Gidʿon) – Root: גדעון (Gidʿon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Gidʿon”; Notes: Refers to the judge under whom peace was established.