וַאֲנִ֞י הִנֵּ֧ה נְתַתִּ֣יךָ הַיֹּ֗ום לְעִ֨יר מִבְצָ֜ר וּלְעַמּ֥וּד בַּרְזֶ֛ל וּלְחֹמֹ֥ות נְחֹ֖שֶׁת עַל־כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ לְמַלְכֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ לְשָׂרֶ֔יהָ לְכֹהֲנֶ֖יהָ וּלְעַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃
And I, behold, I have made you this day into a fortified city and an iron pillar and bronze walls against the whole land, to the kings of Yehuda, to her princes, to her priests, and to the people of the land.
Morphology
- וַאֲנִ֞י (va-ani) – Root: Personal pronoun; Form: Conjunction + 1st person common singular; Translation: “And I”; Notes: Emphatic subject shift to YHWH as speaker.
- הִנֵּ֧ה (hinneh) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Introduces a solemn declaration.
- נְתַתִּ֣יךָ (netattikha) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I have made you” or “I have appointed you”; Notes: Expresses divine commissioning.
- הַיֹּ֗ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “this day”; Notes: Marks the time of the commissioning.
- לְעִ֨יר מִבְצָ֜ר (le-ʿir mivtsar) – Root: עיר, בצר; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular + construct noun masculine singular; Translation: “into a fortified city”; Notes: Metaphor for strength and divine protection.
- וּלְעַמּ֥וּד בַּרְזֶ֛ל (u-leʿammud barzel) – Root: עמד, ברזל; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and an iron pillar”; Notes: Symbol of stability and resilience.
- וּלְחֹמֹ֥ות נְחֹ֖שֶׁת (u-leḥomot nekhoshet) – Root: חמה, נחשת; Form: Conjunction + preposition + plural noun feminine + construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “and bronze walls”; Notes: Figurative of impenetrable strength.
- עַל־כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ (ʿal-kol-ha-aretz) – Root: על, כל, ארץ; Form: Preposition + construct noun + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “against the whole land”; Notes: Denotes scope of prophetic resistance.
- לְמַלְכֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ (le-malkhei Yehudah) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + construct noun masculine plural + proper noun; Translation: “to the kings of Yehudah”; Notes: Targets of prophetic confrontation.
- לְשָׂרֶ֔יהָ (le-sareha) – Root: שר; Form: Preposition + plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to her princes”; Notes: Refers to government officials of Yehudah.
- לְכֹהֲנֶ֖יהָ (le-kohaneyha) – Root: כהן; Form: Preposition + plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to her priests”; Notes: Religious leaders subject to rebuke.
- וּלְעַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ (u-leʿam ha-aretz) – Root: עם, ארץ; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun + definite noun; Translation: “and to the people of the land”; Notes: General populace of Yehudah.