Jeremiah 10:13

לְקֹ֨ול תִּתֹּ֜ו הֲמֹ֥ון מַ֨יִם֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה נְשִׂאִ֖ים מִקְצֵ֣ה אֶ֑רֶץ בְּרָקִ֤ים לַמָּטָר֙ עָשָׂ֔ה וַיֹּ֥וצֵא ר֖וּחַ מֵאֹצְרֹתָֽיו׃

At the sound of his giving there is a tumult of waters in the heavens, and he makes the vapors rise from the end of the earth. He makes lightning for the rain, and brings forth wind from his storehouses.

Morphology

1. לְקֹ֨ול (le-qol) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “at the sound of”; Notes: Introduces the occasion or cause for the action that follows.
2. תִּתֹּ֜ו (titto) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his giving”; Notes: Refers to God’s act of giving commands or voice, possibly thunder.
3. הֲמֹ֥ון (hamon) – Root: המון (hamon); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “tumult” / “roar”; Notes: Often used for the roaring of water or crowds.
4. מַ֨יִם (mayim) – Root: מים (mayim); Form: Noun masculine dual (plural in form); Translation: “waters”; Notes: Refers to rain or atmospheric waters.
5. בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִם (ba-shamayim) – Root: שמים (shamayim); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “in the heavens”; Notes: The sky or upper atmosphere.
6. וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה (va-yaʿaleh) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he makes rise” / “and he causes to ascend”; Notes: Describes God’s action in atmospheric phenomena.
7. נְשִׂאִ֖ים (nesiʾim) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “vapors” / “clouds”; Notes: Refers to ascending atmospheric elements.
8. מִקְצֵ֣ה (miqtseh) – Root: קצה (qatseh); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “from the end of”; Notes: Indicates a far or distant boundary.
9. אֶ֑רֶץ (erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “earth”; Notes: Completes the construct chain—“from the end of the earth.”
10. בְּרָקִ֤ים (beraqim) – Root: ברק (baraq); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “lightnings”; Notes: Refers to lightning bolts or flashes.
11. לַמָּטָר֙ (la-matar) – Root: מטר (matar); Form: Preposition לְ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “for the rain”; Notes: Indicates purpose—lightning as a prelude to or agent of rain.
12. עָשָׂ֔ה (ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he made”; Notes: Refers to God’s creative act.
13. וַיֹּ֥וצֵא (va-yotze) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he brings forth”; Notes: Causative form—YHWH causes the wind to go out.
14. ר֖וּחַ (ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “wind” / “spirit”; Notes: In context refers to natural wind.
15. מֵאֹצְרֹתָֽיו (me-otzrotav) – Root: אצר (ʾatsar); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from his storehouses”; Notes: Imagery of divine control over elements.