עֹשֵׂ֥ה אֶ֨רֶץ֙ בְּכֹחֹ֔ו מֵכִ֥ין תֵּבֵ֖ל בְּחָכְמָתֹ֑ו וּבִתְבוּנָתֹ֖ו נָטָ֥ה שָׁמָֽיִם׃
He who made the earth by his power, established the world by his wisdom, and by his understanding stretched out the heavens.
Morphology
- עֹשֵׂ֥ה (ʿoseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal active participle masculine singular; Translation: “He who makes” / “He who made”; Notes: Describes continuous or characteristic action—here poetic past.
- אֶ֨רֶץ (ʾerets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “earth”; Notes: Refers to the physical land or world.
- בְּכֹחֹ֔ו (be-koḥo) – Root: כח (koaḥ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “by his power”; Notes: Expresses instrument or means.
- מֵכִ֥ין (mekhin) – Root: כון (kun); Form: Hifil active participle masculine singular; Translation: “establishes” / “he established”; Notes: Poetic participle indicating causative firmness or ordering.
- תֵּבֵ֖ל (tevel) – Root: תבל (tevel); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “the world”; Notes: Often refers to the inhabited world or civilization.
- בְּחָכְמָתֹ֑ו (be-ḥokhmato) – Root: חכמה (ḥokhmah); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “by his wisdom”; Notes: Wisdom as the creative principle.
- וּבִתְבוּנָתֹ֖ו (u-vi-tvunato) – Root: בין (bin); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and by his understanding”; Notes: Parallel to wisdom, adds nuance of discernment.
- נָטָ֥ה (natah) – Root: נטה (natah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he stretched out”; Notes: Verb of creation, used elsewhere for spreading out the heavens.
- שָׁמָֽיִם (shamayim) – Root: שמים (shamayim); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “the heavens”; Notes: Refers to the sky or celestial realm, often symbolic of divine power.