Jeremiah 11:18

וַֽיהוָ֥ה הֹֽודִיעַ֖נִי וָֽאֵדָ֑עָה אָ֖ז הִרְאִיתַ֥נִי מַעַלְלֵיהֶֽם׃

And YHWH made it known to me, and I knew; then You showed me their deeds.

Morphology

1. וַֽיהוָ֥ה (va-YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “And YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the sentence, marked by waw-consecutive indicating sequence.
2. הֹֽודִיעַ֖נִי (hodiaʿni) – Root: ידע; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “made it known to me”; Usage Notes: Hifil expresses causation—YHWH caused the speaker to know.
3. וָֽאֵדָ֑עָה (va-ʾedaʿah) – Root: ידע; Form: Qal waw-consecutive imperfect 1st person singular with paragogic he; Translation: “and I knew”; Notes: Paragogic ending (־ָה) may indicate emphasis or formality.
4. אָ֖ז (ʾaz) – Root: אז; Form: Adverb; Translation: “then”; Notes: Marks temporal progression.
5. הִרְאִיתַ֥נִי (hirʾitani) – Root: ראה; Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “You showed me”; Usage Notes: Hifil intensifies causation—“You caused me to see.”
6. מַעַלְלֵיהֶֽם (maʿal’leihem) – Root: עלל; Form: Noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their deeds”; Notes: Refers to evil or criminal acts; construct state ties it to the suffix “their.”