וְהָיָ֞ה כְּעֵ֣ץ שָׁת֣וּל עַל־מַ֗יִם וְעַל־יוּבַל֙ יְשַׁלַּ֣ח שָֽׁרָשָׁ֔יו וְלֹ֤א יִרְאֶה֙ כִּֽי־יָבֹ֣א חֹ֔ם וְהָיָ֥ה עָלֵ֖הוּ רַֽעֲנָ֑ן וּבִשְׁנַ֤ת בַּצֹּ֨רֶת֙ לֹ֣א יִדְאָ֔ג וְלֹ֥א יָמִ֖ישׁ מֵעֲשֹׂ֥ות פֶּֽרִי׃
And he shall be like a tree planted by waters, and by a stream he sends out its roots, and he shall not see when heat comes, and his leaf shall be green, and in a year of drought he shall not be anxious, and he shall not cease from yielding fruit.
Morphology
- וְהָיָ֞ה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he shall be”; Notes: Continues the blessing motif from the previous verse.
- כְּעֵ֣ץ (ke-ʿets) – Root: עץ; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like a tree”; Notes: Introduces simile comparing the blessed man to a tree.
- שָׁת֣וּל (shatul) – Root: שתל; Form: Qal passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “planted”; Notes: Suggests intentional, secure placement.
- עַל־מַ֗יִם (ʿal-mayim) – Root: מים; Form: Preposition עַל + noun masculine plural; Translation: “by waters”; Notes: Symbol of abundance and life.
- וְעַל־יוּבַל (ve-ʿal-yuval) – Root: יבל; Form: Conjunction + preposition עַל + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and by a stream”; Notes: Refers to a flowing stream or canal.
- יְשַׁלַּ֣ח (yeshallaḥ) – Root: שלח; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he sends out”; Notes: Intensive form emphasizes active, constant rooting.
- שָׁרָשָׁ֔יו (sharashav) – Root: שרש; Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his roots”; Notes: Life source and foundation of stability.
- וְלֹ֤א יִרְאֶה (ve-lo yirʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he shall not see”; Notes: Some manuscripts read יִירָא “fear,” but this form supports the idea of not perceiving danger.
- כִּֽי־יָבֹ֣א (ki-yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Conjunction כִּי + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “when comes”; Notes: Temporal clause.
- חֹ֔ם (ḥom) – Root: חם; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “heat”; Notes: Symbol of adversity or drought.
- וְהָיָ֥ה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and shall be”; Notes: Continues clause about blessed state.
- עָלֵ֖הוּ (ʿalehu) – Root: עלה; Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his leaf”; Notes: Visible sign of vitality and life.
- רַֽעֲנָ֑ן (raʿanan) – Root: רענן; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “green” or “lush”; Notes: Signifies flourishing health even in hard times.
- וּבִשְׁנַ֤ת (u-vi-shenat) – Root: שנה; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “and in a year of”; Notes: Temporal indicator.
- בַּצֹּ֨רֶת (ba-ṣoret) – Root: צרת; Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the drought”; Notes: A severe dry season representing hardship.
- לֹ֣א יִדְאָ֔ג (lo yidʾag) – Root: דאג; Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall not be anxious”; Notes: Emphasizes emotional security.
- וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Continues the list of negated consequences.
- יָמִ֖ישׁ (yamish) – Root: מוש; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall not depart”; Notes: Denotes constancy or steadfastness.
- מֵעֲשֹׂ֥ות (me-ʿasot) – Root: עשה; Form: Preposition מִן + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “from doing”; Notes: Introduces the action that continues despite drought.
- פֶּֽרִי (peri) – Root: פרי; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “fruit”; Notes: Symbol of productivity and blessing.