מִשִּׁפְעַ֥ת סוּסָ֖יו יְכַסֵּ֣ךְ אֲבָקָ֑ם מִקֹּול֩ פָּרַ֨שׁ וְגַלְגַּ֜ל וָרֶ֗כֶב תִּרְעַ֨שְׁנָה֙ חֹֽומֹותַ֔יִךְ בְּבֹאֹו֙ בִּשְׁעָרַ֔יִךְ כִּמְבֹואֵ֖י עִ֥יר מְבֻקָּעָֽה׃
From the abundance of his horses their dust shall cover you, from the noise of horseman and wheel and chariot your walls shall shake, when he comes into your gates as the coming into a breached city.
Morphology
- מִשִּׁפְעַת (mi-shifʿat) – Root: שׁפע (shafaʿ); Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “from the abundance of”; Notes: Indicates source or cause, referring to the multitude of horses.
- סוּסָיו (susav) – Root: סוס (sus); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his horses”; Notes: Cavalry belonging to the invader.
- יְכַסֵּךְ (yekhassek) – Root: כסך (kasakh); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “shall cover you”; Notes: Intensive stem emphasizes overwhelming coverage by dust.
- אֲבָקָם (ʾavaqam) – Root: אבק (ʾavaq); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their dust”; Notes: Refers to dust cloud raised by galloping horses.
- מִקֹּול (mi-qol) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the noise of”; Notes: Introduces the cause of trembling.
- פָּרַשׁ (parash) – Root: פרשׁ (parash); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “horseman”; Notes: Cavalry soldier.
- וְגַלְגַּל (ve-galgal) – Root: גלגל (galgal); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and wheel”; Notes: Refers to chariot wheels.
- וָרֶכֶב (va-rekhev) – Root: רכב (rekhev); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and chariot”; Notes: Represents the chariotry of the invader.
- תִּרְעַשְׁנָה (tirʿashnah) – Root: רעשׁ (raʿash); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “shall shake”; Notes: Plural verb agrees with “walls.”
- חֹומֹותַיִךְ (ḥomotayikh) – Root: חומה (ḥomah); Form: Noun feminine plural construct + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “your walls”; Notes: Refers to the city’s fortifications addressed as feminine.
- בְּבֹאֹו (be-voʾo) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Preposition בְּ + infinitive construct + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “when he comes”; Notes: Temporal clause introducing the invader’s arrival.
- בִּשְׁעָרַיִךְ (bi-sheʿarayikh) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine dual construct + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “into your gates”; Notes: Gates symbolize access and vulnerability.
- כִּמְבֹואֵי (ki-mevoʾei) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Conjunction כְּ + plural construct form of infinitive construct; Translation: “as the coming into”; Notes: Comparative particle likening the event to invasion of a breached city.
- עִיר (ʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “city”; Notes: The metaphorical standard of siege comparison.
- מְבֻקָּעָה (mevuqqaʿah) – Root: בקע (baqaʿ); Form: Pual participle feminine singular; Translation: “breached”; Notes: Passive intensive, describing a city whose walls have been violently broken through.