Jeremiah 21:10

כִּ֣י שַׂ֣מְתִּי פָ֠נַי בָּעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֧את לְרָעָ֛ה וְלֹ֥א לְטֹובָ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה בְּיַד־מֶ֤לֶךְ בָּבֶל֙ תִּנָּתֵ֔ן וּשְׂרָפָ֖הּ בָּאֵֽשׁ׃ ס

For I have set my face against this city for evil and not for good,” declares YHWH, “it shall be given into the hand of the king of Bavel, and he shall burn it with fire.”’

Morphology

1. כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a causal explanation.
2. שַׂ֣מְתִּי (samtí) – Root: שׂים; Form: Qal perfect, 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have set”; Notes: Indicates decisive past action by the speaker (YHWH).
3. פָ֠נַי (fanay) – Root: פנים; Form: Noun, plural in form but singular in meaning + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my face”; Notes: Figurative for determination or attention.
4. בָּעִ֨יר (baʿir) – Root: עיר; Form: Preposition + definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “against the city” / “upon the city”; Notes: Object of the face-setting action.
5. הַזֹּ֧את (hazot) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to Jerusalem.
6. לְרָעָ֛ה (leraʿah) – Root: רעע; Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “for evil”; Notes: Purpose of divine action—judgment.
7. וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces contrast.
8. לְטֹובָ֖ה (le-tovah) – Root: טוב; Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “for good”; Notes: Contrast with “for evil.”
9. נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun (declaration/oracle) + divine name; Translation: “utterance of YHWH”; Notes: Prophetic formula affirming divine speech.
10. בְּיַד־מֶ֤לֶךְ (be-yad melekh) – Root: יד, מלך; Form: Preposition + noun (construct) + noun (absolute), masculine singular; Translation: “into the hand of the king”; Notes: Indicates control/power.
11. בָּבֶל (Bavel) – Root: בבל; Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Bavel”; Notes: Refers to Babylon.
12. תִּנָּתֵ֔ן (tinnaten) – Root: נתן; Form: Nifal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it shall be given”; Notes: Passive form referring to the city.
13. וּשְׂרָפָ֖הּ (u-serafah) – Root: שרף; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and he shall burn her”; Notes: The suffix “her” refers to the city.
14. בָּאֵֽשׁ (ba-esh) – Root: אשׁ; Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “with fire”; Notes: Instrumental phrase indicating means of destruction.