לַנְּבִאִ֞ים נִשְׁבַּ֧ר לִבִּ֣י בְקִרְבִּ֗י רָֽחֲפוּ֙ כָּל־עַצְמֹותַ֔י הָיִ֨יתִי֙ כְּאִ֣ישׁ שִׁכֹּ֔ור וּכְגֶ֖בֶר עֲבָ֣רֹו יָ֑יִן מִפְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וּמִפְּנֵ֖י דִּבְרֵ֥י קָדְשֹֽׁו׃
Concerning the prophets: My heart is broken within me, all my bones tremble. I have become like a man drunk, and like a man overcome by wine, because of YHWH and because of the words of His holiness.
Morphology
- לַנְּבִאִים (la-neviʾim) – Root: נבא; Form: Preposition לְ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “Concerning the prophets”; Notes: Marks the subject or topic of the lament.
- נִשְׁבַּר (nishbar) – Root: שׁבר; Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “is broken”; Notes: Passive-reflexive form expressing deep internal rupture.
- לִבִּי (libbi) – Root: לב; Form: Noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my heart”; Notes: Signifies inner emotional and spiritual turmoil.
- בְקִרְבִּי (be-qirbi) – Root: קרב; Form: Preposition בְ + noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “within me”; Notes: Intensifies the internal nature of the experience.
- רָחֲפוּ (raḥafu) – Root: רחף; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “trembled” or “shook”; Notes: Used of trembling or fluttering with emotion or fear.
- כָּל־עַצְמֹותַי (kol-ʿatsmotai) – Root: עצם; Form: Construct noun “all” + noun feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “all my bones”; Notes: Expression of deep physical distress.
- הָיִיתִי (hayiti) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have become” or “I was”; Notes: Marks personal transformation or impact.
- כְּאִישׁ (ke-ʾish) – Root: איש; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like a man”; Notes: Similitude introducing metaphor.
- שִׁכֹּור (shikkor) – Root: שׁכר; Form: Noun/adjective masculine singular; Translation: “drunk”; Notes: Illustrates disorientation or spiritual staggering.
- וּכְגֶבֶר (u-ke-gever) – Root: גבר; Form: Conjunction + preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and like a man”; Notes: Parallel simile to intensify image.
- עֲבָרֹו (ʿavaro) – Root: עבר; Form: Qal participle masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “who has passed over” or “overcome”; Notes: Likely referring to being overwhelmed or intoxicated.
- יָיִן (yayin) – Root: יין; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “wine”; Notes: Completes the simile of intoxication.
- מִפְּנֵי (mi-penei) – Root: פנה; Form: Preposition + construct form of noun “face”; Translation: “because of” or “from before”; Notes: Indicates cause or source of overwhelming experience.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of fear and reverence causing the prophet’s state.
- וּמִפְּנֵי (u-mi-penei) – Root: פנה; Form: Conjunction + preposition + construct noun; Translation: “and because of”; Notes: Continues parallel cause.
- דִּבְרֵי (divrei) – Root: דבר; Form: Construct plural noun; Translation: “the words of”; Notes: Refers to divine speech or revelation.
- קָדְשֹׁו (qodsho) – Root: קדשׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular in construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His holiness”; Notes: Emphasizes the sacred origin and weight of YHWH’s words.