אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ וְאֶת־עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וְאֶת־מְלָכֶ֖יהָ אֶת־שָׂרֶ֑יהָ לָתֵ֨ת אֹתָ֜ם לְחָרְבָּ֧ה לְשַׁמָּ֛ה לִשְׁרֵקָ֥ה וְלִקְלָלָ֖ה כַּיֹּ֥ום הַזֶּֽה׃
Yerushalayim and the cities of Yehuda and her kings and her officials, to make them a ruin, a desolation, a hissing, and a curse, as it is this day.
Morphology
- אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם (et-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים; Form: Proper noun, feminine singular, in accusative; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: First object of the series targeted for judgment.
- וְאֶת־עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה (ve-et-ʿarei Yehudah) – Root: עיר; Form: Construct plural feminine + proper noun; Translation: “and the cities of Yehudah”; Notes: In construct state showing possession.
- וְאֶת־מְלָכֶ֖יהָ (ve-et-melakheha) – Root: מלך; Form: Plural masculine construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and her kings”; Notes: Refers to kings of Yehudah.
- אֶת־שָׂרֶ֑יהָ (et-sareha) – Root: שר; Form: Plural masculine construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her officials”; Notes: Political or noble leaders.
- לָתֵ֨ת (latet) – Root: נתן; Form: Infinitive construct with ל; Translation: “to give [them]”; Notes: Purpose clause indicating divine intention.
- אֹתָ֜ם (otam) – Root: את; Form: 3rd person masculine plural object suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to all previous objects: city, kings, officials.
- לְחָרְבָּ֧ה (le-ḥorbah) – Root: חרב; Form: Feminine singular noun with ל; Translation: “to ruin”; Notes: Indicates destruction.
- לְשַׁמָּ֛ה (le-shammah) – Root: שׁמם; Form: Feminine noun with ל; Translation: “to desolation”; Notes: Intensifies the state of devastation.
- לִשְׁרֵקָ֥ה (li-shreqah) – Root: שרק; Form: Feminine noun with ל; Translation: “to a hissing”; Notes: Symbol of mockery or astonishment.
- וְלִקְלָלָ֖ה (ve-liqelalah) – Root: קלל; Form: Feminine noun with ל; Translation: “to a curse”; Notes: Legal and prophetic curse.
- כַּיֹּ֥ום (ka-yom) – Root: יום; Form: Noun with prefix כ־ (like); Translation: “as the day”; Notes: Indicates time frame comparison.
- הַזֶּֽה (hazzeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to current day of speaker’s prophecy.