כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֜ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאֹות֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַל־יַשִּׁ֧יאוּ לָכֶ֛ם נְבִֽיאֵיכֶ֥ם אֲשֶׁר־בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֖ם וְקֹֽסְמֵיכֶ֑ם וְאַֽל־תִּשְׁמְעוּ֙ אֶל־חֲלֹמֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֖ם מַחְלְמִֽים׃
For thus says YHWH of Hosts, the God of Yisraʾel: ‘Do not let your prophets who are in your midst and your diviners deceive you, and do not listen to your dreams which you are causing yourselves to dream.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason or basis for the preceding statement.
- כֹה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Marks the beginning of a prophetic formula.
- אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “says”; Notes: Standard prophetic declaration verb.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant God of Yisraʾel.
- צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא (tsevaʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Refers to heavenly armies or angelic forces.
- אֱלֹהֵי (ʾelohei) – Root: אלה (ʾelohim); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Relational title connecting YHWH to Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The covenant people.
- אַל (ʾal) – Root: אל (ʾal); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Do not”; Notes: Used for prohibitions.
- יַשִּׁיאוּ (yashiʾu) – Root: נשא (nashaʾ); Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “let … deceive”; Notes: Causative—“cause to be deceived.”
- לָכֶם (lakhem) – Root: אתם (ʾatem); Form: Preposition לְ + pronoun 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Indicates the object of the deception.
- נְבִיאֵיכֶם (neviʾeikhem) – Root: נבא (naviʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your prophets”; Notes: Refers to those claiming prophetic authority in their midst.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause describing the prophets.
- בְּקִרְבְּכֶם (be-qirb’khem) – Root: קרב (qerev); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in your midst”; Notes: Refers to being among the people.
- וְקֹסְמֵיכֶם (ve-qosmekhem) – Root: קסם (qasem); Form: Conjunction + participle masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and your diviners”; Notes: Practitioners of forbidden occult practices.
- וְאַל (ve-ʾal) – Root: אל (ʾal); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and do not”; Notes: Connects to the second prohibition.
- תִּשְׁמְעוּ (tishmeʿu) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “listen”; Notes: Implies paying heed or obedience.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: —; Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Indicates direction of the listening.
- חֲלֹמֹתֵיכֶם (ḥalomoteikhem) – Root: חלם (ḥalam); Form: Noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your dreams”; Notes: Could refer to divinely given or self-generated dreams.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause about the dreams.
- אַתֶּם (atem) – Root: אתם (ʾatem); Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject of the clause.
- מַחְלְמִים (maḥlemim) – Root: חלם (ḥalam); Form: Hiphil participle masculine plural; Translation: “are causing to dream”; Notes: Causative sense—implies self-induced or false dreaming.