וְהָיָ֞ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר שָׁקַ֣דְתִּי עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם לִנְתֹ֧ושׁ וְלִנְתֹ֛וץ וְלַהֲרֹ֖ס וּלְהַאֲבִ֣יד וּלְהָרֵ֑עַ כֵּ֣ן אֶשְׁקֹ֧ד עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם לִבְנֹ֥ות וְלִנְטֹ֖ועַ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃
And it shall be that just as I have watched over them to uproot and to pull down and to destroy and to cause to perish and to bring evil, so I will watch over them to build and to plant,” declares YHWH.
Morphology
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And it shall be”; Notes: Introduces a prophetic future event.
- כַּאֲשֶׁר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Preposition + relative particle; Translation: “just as”; Notes: Introduces a comparison.
- שָׁקַדְתִּי (shaqadti) – Root: שׁקד; Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have watched over”; Notes: Implies careful, deliberate oversight.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “over them”; Notes: Indicates those under observation or care.
- לִנְתֹושׁ (linetosh) – Root: נתשׁ; Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to uproot”; Notes: Describes removal from the roots, often in judgment imagery.
- וְלִנְתֹוץ (ve-lintots) – Root: נתץ; Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “and to pull down”; Notes: Often used for demolishing buildings or fortifications.
- וְלַהֲרֹס (ve-laharos) – Root: הרס; Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “and to destroy”; Notes: General term for ruin or demolition.
- וּלְהַאֲבִיד (u-lehaʾavid) – Root: אבד; Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “and to cause to perish”; Notes: Causative form—bringing about destruction.
- וּלְהָרֵעַ (u-lehareʿa) – Root: רעע; Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “and to bring evil”; Notes: Causative—inflicting harm or calamity.
- כֵּן (ken) – Root: כן; Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Signals correspondence in the comparison.
- אֶשְׁקֹד (ʾeshqod) – Root: שׁקד; Form: Qal imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will watch over”; Notes: Future continuous vigilance.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “over them”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis on the same object.
- לִבְנוֹות (livnot) – Root: בנה; Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to build”; Notes: Opposite of destroying; constructive work.
- וְלִנְטֹועַ (ve-lintoʿa) – Root: נטע; Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “and to plant”; Notes: Symbolic of restoration and renewal.
- נְאֻם־יְהוָה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Formal prophetic declaration affirming divine authorship.