הִנֵּ֣ה הַסֹּלְלֹ֗ות בָּ֣אוּ הָעִיר֮ לְלָכְדָהּ֒ וְהָעִ֣יר נִתְּנָ֗ה בְּיַ֤ד הַכַּשְׂדִּים֙ הַנִּלְחָמִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יהָ מִפְּנֵ֛י הַחֶ֥רֶב וְהָרָעָ֖ב וְהַדָּ֑בֶר וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֛רְתָּ הָיָ֖ה וְהִנְּךָ֥ רֹאֶֽה׃
Behold, the siege ramps have come to the city to capture it, and the city has been given into the hand of the Kasdim who are fighting against it, because of the sword and the famine and the pestilence, and what You have spoken has happened, and behold, You see it.
Morphology
- הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the present reality.
- הַסֹּלְלֹות (ha-sollelot) – Root: סלל (salal); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the siege ramps”; Notes: Refers to earthworks built for attacking a fortified city.
- בָּאוּ (baʾu) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “have come”; Notes: Indicates completed arrival.
- הָעִיר (ha-ʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the city”; Notes: The besieged location in question.
- לְלָכְדָהּ (le-lokdah) – Root: לכד (lakad); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to capture it”; Notes: Expresses purpose of the siege.
- וְהָעִיר (ve-ha-ʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Conjunction + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the city”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis in parallel structure.
- נִתְּנָה (nittnah) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has been given”; Notes: Niphal denotes passive — the city is handed over.
- בְּיַד (be-yad) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “into the hand of”; Notes: Idiomatic for being delivered into someone’s power.
- הַכַּשְׂדִּים (ha-Kasdim) – Root: כשׂד (Kasdim); Form: Definite proper noun masculine plural; Translation: “the Kasdim”; Notes: Refers to the Babylonians.
- הַנִּלְחָמִים (ha-nilḥamim) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Niphal participle masculine plural definite; Translation: “who are fighting”; Notes: Describes the Kasdim as active combatants.
- עָלֶיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + third person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against it”; Notes: Specifies the target of the fighting — the city.
- מִפְּנֵי (mippenei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition; Translation: “because of”; Notes: Indicates cause or reason.
- הַחֶרֶב (ha-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the sword”; Notes: Represents warfare or military attack.
- וְהָרָעָב (ve-ha-raʿav) – Root: רעב (raʿav); Form: Conjunction + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the famine”; Notes: Refers to scarcity of food due to siege.
- וְהַדָּבֶר (ve-ha-dever) – Root: דבר (dever); Form: Conjunction + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the pestilence”; Notes: Disease accompanying war and famine.
- וַאֲשֶׁר (va-ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction + relative pronoun; Translation: “and what”; Notes: Links the previous statement to the fulfillment of prophecy.
- דִּבַּרְתָּ (dibarta) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You have spoken”; Notes: Piel denotes deliberate, emphatic speech.
- הָיָה (hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has happened”; Notes: Affirms fulfillment of divine word.
- וְהִנְּךָ (ve-hinnekha) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Conjunction + interjection + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and behold, You”; Notes: Directly addresses God’s awareness.
- רֹאֶה (roʾeh) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “see”; Notes: Present participle emphasizing God’s active perception.