Jeremiah 37:5

וְחֵ֥יל פַּרְעֹ֖ה יָצָ֣א מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וַיִּשְׁמְע֨וּ הַכַּשְׂדִּ֜ים הַצָּרִ֤ים עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ אֶת־שִׁמְעָ֔ם וַיֵּ֣עָל֔וּ מֵעַ֖ל יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ פ

And the army of Parʿo went out from Mitsrayim, and the Kasdim who were besieging Yerushalayim heard their report, and they went up away from Yerushalayim.

Morphology

1. וְחֵיל (ve-ḥeil) – Root: חיל; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “And the army of”; Notes: In construct with Parʿo, referring to his military force.
2. פַּרְעֹה (Parʿo) – Root: Egyptian royal title; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo” (Pharaoh); Notes: Title of the king of Mitsrayim.
3. יָצָא (yatsaʾ) – Root: יצא; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “went out”; Notes: Refers to the movement of the Egyptian army.
4. מִמִּצְרָיִם (mi-Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from Mitsrayim”; Notes: Indicates origin point of the army.
5. וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ (va-yishmeʿu) – Root: שמע; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they heard”; Notes: Refers to the Kasdim becoming aware of the event.
6. הַכַּשְׂדִּים (ha-Kasdim) – Root: כשׂד; Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the Kasdim”; Notes: Refers to the Chaldeans, the Babylonian forces.
7. הַצָּרִים (ha-tsarim) – Root: צרר; Form: Definite participle masculine plural (Qal active); Translation: “who were besieging”; Notes: Used substantively to describe the enemy forces laying siege.
8. עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַם (ʿal-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלם; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Yerushalayim”; Notes: Target of the siege.
9. אֶת־שִׁמְעָם (ʾet-shimʿam) – Root: שמע; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their report”; Notes: The message or news about Parʿo’s army.
10. וַיֵּעָלוּ (va-yeʿalu) – Root: עלה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they went up”; Notes: Used here in the sense of “withdraw, move away.”
11. מֵעַל (me-ʿal) – Root: על; Form: Preposition; Translation: “away from”; Notes: Indicates removal of siege forces.
12. יְרוּשָׁלָם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלם; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: The city under siege, central to the narrative.