וַיִּ֣שְׁבְּ יִ֠שְׁמָעֵאל אֶת־כָּל־שְׁאֵרִ֨ית הָעָ֜ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמִּצְפָּ֗ה אֶת־בְּנֹ֤ות הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־הָעָם֙ הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בַּמִּצְפָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִפְקִ֗יד נְבֽוּזַרְאֲדָן֙ רַב־טַבָּחִ֔ים אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ בֶּן־אֲחִיקָ֑ם וַיִּשְׁבֵּם֙ יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֔ה וַיֵּ֕לֶךְ לַעֲבֹ֖ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י עַמֹּֽון׃ ס
And Yishmaʿel took captive all the remnant of the people that were in the Mitzpa, the daughters of the king, and all the people that remained in the Mitzpa, whom Nebuzarʾadan chief of the guard had appointed over Gedalyahu son of Aḥikam; and Yishmaʿel son of Netanya took them captive and went to cross over to the sons of ʿAmmon.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁבְּ (va-yishbe) – Root: שׁבה (shavah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he took captive”; Notes: Introduces the main action of captivity.
- יִשְׁמָעֵאל (Yishmaʿel) – Root: ישׁמעאל (Yishmaʿel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yishmaʿel”; Notes: The perpetrator of the abduction.
- אֶת־כָּל־שְׁאֵרִית (et-kol-sheʾerit) – Root: שׁאר (shaʾar); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine singular construct with כָּל; Translation: “all the remnant of”; Notes: Refers to the survivors left in the city.
- הָעָם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Specifies the remnant population.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a clause of identification.
- בַּמִּצְפָּה (ba-Mitzpah) – Root: מצפה (Mitzpah); Form: Preposition ב + proper noun; Translation: “in the Mitzpah”; Notes: Location where the remnant was.
- אֶת־בְּנֹות (et-benot) – Root: בת (bat); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “the daughters of”; Notes: Refers to the royal women.
- הַמֶּלֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Refers to the Judean royal house.
- וְאֶת־כָּל־הָעָם (ve-et-kol-ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + כָּל + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and all the people”; Notes: Expands the scope beyond the daughters of the king.
- הַנִּשְׁאָרִים (ha-nishʾarim) – Root: שׁאר (shaʾar); Form: Nifal participle masculine plural with article; Translation: “the ones remaining”; Notes: Describes those left alive.
- בַּמִּצְפָּה (ba-Mitzpah) – Root: מצפה (Mitzpah); Form: Preposition ב + proper noun; Translation: “in the Mitzpah”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Connects to the Babylonian appointee.
- הִפְקִיד (hifqid) – Root: פקד (paqad); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “had appointed”; Notes: Refers to the administrative appointment.
- נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן (Nevuzarʾadan) – Root: נבוזראדן (Nevuzarʾadan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Nebuzarʾadan”; Notes: Chief Babylonian officer.
- רַב־טַבָּחִים (rav-tabbakhim) – Root: טבח (tabbaḥ); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “chief of the guard”; Notes: Babylonian military title.
- אֶת־גְּדַלְיָהוּ (et-Gedalyahu) – Root: גדליהו (Gedalyahu); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Gedalyahu”; Notes: The Babylonian-appointed governor.
- בֶּן־אֲחִיקָם (ben-Aḥikam) – Root: אחיקם (Aḥikam); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “son of Aḥikam”; Notes: Patronymic identification.
- וַיִּשְׁבֵּם (va-yishbem) – Root: שׁבה (shavah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and he took them captive”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis of abduction.
- יִשְׁמָעֵאל (Yishmaʿel) – Root: ישׁמעאל (Yishmaʿel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yishmaʿel”; Notes: Subject repeated for emphasis.
- בֶּן־נְתַנְיָה (ben-Netanyah) – Root: נתניה (Netanyah); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “son of Netanyah”; Notes: Patronymic identification.
- וַיֵּלֶךְ (va-yelekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he went”; Notes: Marks the transition of movement.
- לַעֲבֹר (la-ʿavor) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Preposition ל + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to cross over”; Notes: Destination verb of intention.
- אֶל־בְּנֵי (el-benei) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “to the sons of”; Notes: Marks the destination.
- עַמֹּון (ʿAmmon) – Root: עמון (ʿAmmon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “ʿAmmon”; Notes: Refers to the neighboring people east of the Jordan.