וַתִּתַּךְ חֲמָתִי וְאַפִּי וַתִּבְעַר בְּעָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּבְחֻצֹות יְרוּשָׁלִָם וַתִּהְיֶנָה לְחָרְבָּה לִשְׁמָמָה כַּיֹּום הַזֶּה׃ ס
And My wrath and My anger were poured out, and it burned in the cities of Yehuda and in the streets of Yerushalayim, and they became a ruin, a desolation, as this day.’
Morphology
- וַתִּתַּךְ (va-tittakh) – Root: נתך (natakh); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and was poured out”; Notes: Feminine form agreeing with “wrath” (חֵמָה).
- חֲמָתִי (ḥamati) – Root: חמה (ḥemah); Form: Noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My wrath”; Notes: Divine burning anger.
- וְאַפִּי (ve-api) – Root: אף (ʾaf); Form: Noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix with conjunction; Translation: “and My anger”; Notes: Anger expressed as “nose/face” in Hebrew idiom.
- וַתִּבְעַר (va-tivʿar) – Root: בער (baʿar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it burned”; Notes: Refers metaphorically to destructive fire of wrath.
- בְּעָרֵי (be-ʿarei) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “in the cities of”; Notes: Location of judgment.
- יְהוּדָה (Yehudah) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Southern kingdom of Yisraʾel.
- וּבְחֻצֹות (u-ve-ḥutzot) – Root: חוץ (ḥutz); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and in the streets of”; Notes: Public spaces of the city.
- יְרוּשָׁלִָם (Yerushalayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: The central city of worship and covenant.
- וַתִּהְיֶנָה (va-tihyenah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “and they became”; Notes: Refers to cities and streets.
- לְחָרְבָּה (le-ḥorbah) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “a ruin”; Notes: State of destruction.
- לִשְׁמָמָה (li-shmamāh) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “a desolation”; Notes: Intensifies devastation with emphasis on emptiness.
- כַּיֹּום (ka-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “as the day”; Notes: Points to present reality.
- הַזֶּה (ha-zeh) – Root: Demonstrative; Form: Pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies current time.