כִּ֤י תִּשְׂמְחִי כִּ֣י תַעֲלֹזִי שֹׁסֵ֖י נַחֲלָתִ֑י כִּ֤י תִפְשִׂי כְּעֶגְלָ֣ה דָשָׁ֔ה וַתִּצְהֲלִי כָּאֲבִּרִֽים׃
“Though you rejoice, though you exult, O plunderer of My inheritance, though you frisk like a heifer treading grain, and neigh like stallions.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Though/for”; Notes: Used here concessively: “though.”
- תִּשְׂמְחִי (tismekhi) – Root: שׂמח; Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you rejoice”; Notes: Addressing Babylon metaphorically in the feminine.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “though”; Notes: Parallel to the previous concessive use.
- תַעֲלֹזִי (taʿalozi) – Root: עלז; Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you exult”; Notes: Joyful arrogance in context of plunder.
- שֹׁסֵי (shosei) – Root: שׁסה; Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “plunderer of”; Notes: Refers to those who ravage God’s inheritance.
- נַחֲלָתִי (naḥalati) – Root: נחל; Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My inheritance”; Notes: Refers to Israel as YHWH’s possession.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “though”; Notes: Introduces another concessive clause.
- תִפְשִׂי (tifsi) – Root: פָשָׂה / פשׂע (uncertain, here likely from פָשָׂה “to frisk”); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you frisk/play”; Notes: Describes carefree behavior like a young animal.
- כְּעֶגְלָה (ke-ʿeglah) – Root: עגל; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “like a heifer”; Notes: Simile emphasizing youthful exuberance.
- דָשָׁה (dashah) – Root: דושׁ; Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “treading grain”; Notes: Image of abundance and arrogance in freedom.
- וַתִּצְהֲלִי (va-titzhali) – Root: צהַל; Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and you neigh”; Notes: Animalistic imagery of loud, boastful joy.
- כָּאֲבִּרִים (ka-abbirim) – Root: אבר or אביר; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “like stallions”; Notes: Symbol of strength, arrogance, and unchecked vitality.