Jeremiah 51:37

וְהָיְתָה֩ בָבֶ֨ל לְגַלִּ֧ים מְעֹון־תַּנִּ֛ים שַׁמָּ֥ה וּשְׁרֵקָ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ין יֹושֵֽׁב׃

And Bavel shall become heaps, a dwelling of jackals, a horror and a hissing, without inhabitant.

Morphology

1. וְהָיְתָה (ve-hayetah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with waw-consecutive; Translation: “And she shall become”; Notes: Refers to the transformation of Babylon (feminine) into ruin.
2. בָבֶל (Bavel) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name feminine singular; Translation: “Bavel”; Notes: Babylon, subject of judgment.
3. לְגַלִּים (le-gallim) – Root: גלל (galal); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “to heaps / ruins”; Notes: Describes rubble and mounds of destruction.
4. מְעֹון (meʿon) – Root: עון / עון (ʿon); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “a dwelling of”; Notes: Refers to a habitation or lair.
5. תַּנִּים (tannim) – Root: תנין (tannin); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “jackals / sea-monsters”; Notes: Likely desert jackals here, symbols of desolation.
6. שַׁמָּה (shammah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a horror / desolation”; Notes: Conveys dread and ruin.
7. וּשְׁרֵקָה (u-shreqah) – Root: שרק (sharaq); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and a hissing”; Notes: Mocking sound of derision, symbolizing scorn from onlookers.
8. מֵאֵין (me-ʾein) – Root: אין (ʾayin); Form: Preposition + particle of non-existence; Translation: “without”; Notes: Expresses total absence.
9. יֹושֵׁב (yoshev) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “inhabitant”; Notes: Indicates complete depopulation.