וַֽיְהִי֙ מִיָּמִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר־הֵנִ֨יחַ יְהוָ֧ה לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִכָּל־אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם מִסָּבִ֑יב וִיהֹושֻׁ֣עַ זָקֵ֔ן בָּ֖א בַּיָּמִֽים׃
And it happened after many days, after YHWH had given rest to Yisraʾel from all their enemies round about, that Yehoshua was old, advanced in days.
Morphology
- וַֽיְהִי֙ (va-yehi) – Root: היה (haya); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it happened”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- מִיָּמִ֣ים (mi-yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with preposition; Translation: “from days”; Notes: Indicates passage of time.
- רַבִּ֔ים (rabbim) – Root: רב (rav); Form: Adjective, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “many”; Notes: Modifies “days.”
- אַ֠חֲרֵי (aḥarei) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Introduces a subsequent event.
- אֲשֶׁר־הֵנִ֨יחַ (ʾasher-heniḥ) – Root: נוח (nuḥ); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “after had given rest”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s action.
- יְהוָ֧ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject.
- לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל (le-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “to Yisraʾel”; Notes: The recipient of rest.
- מִכָּל־אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם (mi-kol-ʾoyveihem) – Root: אויב (ʾoyev); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “from all their enemies”; Notes: Specifies the source of danger.
- מִסָּבִ֑יב (mi-saviv) – Root: סביב (saviv); Form: Adverb; Translation: “round about”; Notes: Describes the situation.
- וִיהֹושֻׁ֣עַ (vi-Yehoshua) – Root: יהושע (Yehoshua); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “and Yehoshua”; Notes: Subject of the following clause.
- זָקֵ֔ן (zaqen) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “was old”; Notes: Describes Yehoshua’s condition.
- בָּ֖א (ba) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “advanced”; Notes: Describes progression in age.
- בַּיָּמִֽים (ba-yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “in days”; Notes: Expression meaning “advanced in years.”