וַיִּקְרָ֤א יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִזְקֵנָיו֙ וּלְרָאשָׁ֔יו וּלְשֹׁפְטָ֖יו וּלְשֹֽׁטְרָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם אֲנִ֣י זָקַ֔נְתִּי בָּ֖אתִי בַּיָּמִֽים׃
And Yehoshua called to all Yisraʾel, to its elders, and to its heads, and to its judges, and to its officers, and he said to them, “I am old, advanced in days.”
Morphology
- וַיִּקְרָ֤א (va-yiqra) – Root: קרא (qaraʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he called”; Notes: Refers to Yehoshua summoning the leaders.
- יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ (Yehoshua) – Root: יהושע (Yehoshua); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: The subject of the action.
- לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (le-khol-Yisraʾel) – Root: כל, ישראל (kol, Yisraʾel); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “to all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Addresses the entire nation.
- לִזְקֵנָיו֙ (lizqenav) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to its elders”; Notes: First group summoned.
- וּלְרָאשָׁ֔יו (u-le-roshav) – Root: ראש (rosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and to its heads”; Notes: Refers to tribal leaders.
- וּלְשֹׁפְטָ֖יו (u-le-shoftav) – Root: שפט (shafat); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and to its judges”; Notes: The judicial leaders.
- וּלְשֹֽׁטְרָ֑יו (u-le-shotrav) – Root: שוטר (shoter); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and to its officers”; Notes: Military and civil officials.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Yehoshua’s speech.
- אֲלֵהֶ֔ם (aleihem) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Directs speech to the leaders.
- אֲנִ֣י (ʾani) – Root: אני (ʾani); Form: Pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Yehoshua referring to himself.
- זָקַ֔נְתִּי (zaqanti) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I am old”; Notes: Describes Yehoshua’s state.
- בָּ֖אתִי (baʾti) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have come”; Notes: Describes his arrival at old age.
- בַּיָּמִֽים (ba-yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “in days”; Notes: Expression meaning “advanced in years.”