Joshua 23:3

וְאַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֗ם אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֛ם לְכָל־הַגֹּויִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֚י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם ה֖וּא הַנִּלְחָ֥ם לָכֶֽם׃

And you have seen all that YHWH your God has done to all these nations before you, for YHWH your God, He is the one who fights for you.

Morphology

1. וְאַתֶּ֣ם (ve-atem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you”; Notes: Refers to the audience Yehoshua is addressing.
2. רְאִיתֶ֗ם (reʾitem) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you have seen”; Notes: Expresses completed action.
3. אֵת֩ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: (no English equivalent); Notes: Marks the direct object.
4. כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר (kol-ʾasher) – Root: כל, אשר (kol, ʾasher); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + relative pronoun; Translation: “all that”; Notes: Introduces the clause.
5. עָשָׂ֜ה (ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has done”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s past actions.
6. יְהוָ֧ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
7. אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֛ם (ʾEloheikhem) – Root: אלהים (ʾElohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Specifies possession.
8. לְכָל־הַגֹּויִ֥ם (le-khol-ha-goyim) – Root: כל, גוי (kol, goy); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “to all the nations”; Notes: Specifies YHWH’s actions.
9. הָאֵ֖לֶּה (ha-elleh) – Root: אלה (elleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the nations.
10. מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם (mi-peneikhem) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “before you”; Notes: Indicates removal of nations.
11. כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason.
12. יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
13. אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם (ʾEloheikhem) – Root: אלהים (ʾElohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Reaffirms divine possession.
14. ה֖וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH as the one acting.
15. הַנִּלְחָ֥ם (ha-nilḥam) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Nifal participle masculine singular; Translation: “who fights”; Notes: Describes YHWH as the warrior.
16. לָכֶֽם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Indicates the beneficiaries of YHWH’s action.