וָאֶתֵּ֨ן לָכֶ֜ם אֶ֣רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־יָגַ֣עְתָּ בָּ֗הּ וְעָרִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־בְנִיתֶ֔ם וַתֵּשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶ֑ם כְּרָמִ֤ים וְזֵיתִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־נְטַעְתֶּ֔ם אַתֶּ֖ם אֹכְלִֽים׃
And I gave you a land for which you did not labor, and cities that you did not build, and you dwelled in them; vineyards and olive trees that you did not plant—you eat from them.
Morphology
- וָאֶתֵּ֨ן (va-etten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular; Translation: “And I gave”; Notes: Indicates divine provision.
- לָכֶ֜ם (lakhem) – Root: לכם (lakhem); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: The recipients are Yisraʾel.
- אֶ֣רֶץ (ʾeretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a land”; Notes: Refers to the Promised Land.
- אֲשֶׁ֧ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a clause.
- לֹֽא־יָגַ֣עְתָּ (lo-yagaʿta) – Root: יגע (yagaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you did not labor”; Notes: Denotes lack of effort by Yisraʾel.
- בָּ֗הּ (bah) – Root: ב (b-), היא (hi); Form: Preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in it”; Notes: Refers to the land.
- וְעָרִים֙ (ve-ʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “and cities”; Notes: Refers to settled places.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces another clause.
- לֹא־בְנִיתֶ֔ם (lo-venitem) – Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you did not build”; Notes: Indicates they received pre-built cities.
- וַתֵּשְׁב֖וּ (va-teshvu) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you dwelled”; Notes: They inhabited the cities.
- בָּהֶ֑ם (bahem) – Root: ב (b-), הם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in them”; Notes: Refers to the cities.
- כְּרָמִ֤ים (keramim) – Root: כרם (kerem); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “vineyards”; Notes: Source of wine.
- וְזֵיתִים֙ (ve-zeitim) – Root: זית (zayit); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and olive trees”; Notes: Source of oil.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces another clause.
- לֹֽא־נְטַעְתֶּ֔ם (lo-netaʿtem) – Root: נטע (nataʿ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you did not plant”; Notes: Emphasizes divine provision.
- אַתֶּ֖ם (atem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Independent pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizes subject.
- אֹכְלִֽים׃ (okhlim) – Root: אכל (akhal); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “eating”; Notes: Ongoing action.