וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֜ם גִּדְעֹ֗ון אֶשְׁאֲלָ֤ה מִכֶּם֙ שְׁאֵלָ֔ה וּתְנוּ־לִ֕י אִ֖ישׁ נֶ֣זֶם שְׁלָלֹ֑ו כִּֽי־נִזְמֵ֤י זָהָב֙ לָהֶ֔ם כִּ֥י יִשְׁמְעֵאלִ֖ים הֵֽם׃
And Gideʿon said to them, “I will make a request of you: give me, each man, an earring from his spoil.” For they had golden earrings, because they were Yishmaʿelim.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- אֲלֵהֶ֜ם (alehem) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Indicates the recipients of speech.
- גִּדְעֹ֗ון (Gidʿon) – Root: גדעון (Gidʿon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Gidʿon”; Notes: Name of the Israelite judge.
- אֶשְׁאֲלָ֤ה (eshʾalah) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Qal cohortative 1st person singular; Translation: “I will make a request”; Notes: Expresses a polite request.
- מִכֶּם֙ (mikem) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of you”; Notes: Indicates source.
- שְׁאֵלָ֔ה (sheʾelah) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a request”; Notes: Object of the verb.
- וּתְנוּ־לִ֕י (u-tenu-li) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural with preposition; Translation: “and give me”; Notes: Command.
- אִ֖ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Refers to individuals.
- נֶ֣זֶם (nezem) – Root: נזם (nezem); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “an earring”; Notes: Refers to jewelry.
- שְׁלָלֹ֑ו (shelalo) – Root: שלל (shalal); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from his spoil”; Notes: Describes the source of the earring.
- כִּֽי־נִזְמֵ֤י (ki-nizmei) – Root: נזם (nezem); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “for the earrings of”; Notes: Indicates the subject.
- זָהָב֙ (zahav) – Root: זהב (zahav); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “gold”; Notes: Describes the material.
- לָהֶ֔ם (lahem) – Root: ל (l-); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “they had”; Notes: Possessive structure.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces explanation.
- יִשְׁמְעֵאלִ֖ים (Yishmeʿelim) – Root: ישמעאל (Yishmaʿel); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Yishmaʿelim”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yishmaʿel.
- הֵֽם׃ (hem) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Independent pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Emphasizes subject.