וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה דַּבֵּר֮ אֶל־אַהֲרֹ֣ן אָחִיךָ֒ וְאַל־יָבֹ֤א בְכָל־עֵת֙ אֶל־הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ מִבֵּ֖ית לַפָּרֹ֑כֶת אֶל־פְּנֵ֨י הַכַּפֹּ֜רֶת אֲשֶׁ֤ר עַל־הָאָרֹן֙ וְלֹ֣א יָמ֔וּת כִּ֚י בֶּֽעָנָ֔ן אֵרָאֶ֖ה עַל־הַכַּפֹּֽרֶת׃
And YHWH said to Moshe, “Speak to Aharon your brother, that he must not enter at all times into the holy place within the veil, before the mercy seat which is on the ark, so that he does not die; for I appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And said”; Notes: Indicates direct speech.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה (el-Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Specifies the recipient of the speech.
- דַּבֵּר֮ (dabber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Piel imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Speak”; Notes: A command directed to Moshe.
- אֶל־אַהֲרֹ֣ן (el-Aharon) – Root: אהרן (ʾ-h-r-n); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To Aharon”; Notes: Specifies the subject to whom Moshe is to speak.
- אָחִיךָ֒ (achikha) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your brother”; Notes: Defines the relationship between Moshe and Aharon.
- וְאַל־יָבֹ֤א (ve-al-yavo) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he must not enter”; Notes: Prohibitive command.
- בְכָל־עֵת֙ (be-kol-et) – Root: עת (ʿ-t); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “At all times”; Notes: Specifies unrestricted access prohibition.
- אֶל־הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ (el-ha-kodesh) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Into the holy place”; Notes: Refers to the sacred inner sanctuary.
- מִבֵּ֖ית (mi-bayit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “Within”; Notes: Indicates location.
- לַפָּרֹ֑כֶת (la-parokhet) – Root: פרכת (p-r-kh-t); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “The veil”; Notes: Refers to the curtain separating the holy place.
- אֶל־פְּנֵ֨י (el-pnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates proximity.
- הַכַּפֹּ֜רֶת (ha-kapporet) – Root: כפר (k-p-r); Form: Noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “The mercy seat”; Notes: Refers to the cover of the ark.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Which”; Notes: Introduces a clause.
- עַל־הָאָרֹן֙ (al-ha-aron) – Root: ארון (ʾ-r-n); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “On the ark”; Notes: Refers to the ark of the covenant.
- וְלֹ֣א יָמ֔וּת (ve-lo yamut) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “So that he does not die”; Notes: Warns of the consequence.
- כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Provides the reason.
- בֶּֽעָנָ֔ן (be-anan) – Root: ענן (ʿ-n-n); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “In the cloud”; Notes: Describes the medium of God’s presence.
- אֵרָאֶ֖ה (e-ra’eh) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Nifal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I appear”; Notes: Indicates divine manifestation.
- עַל־הַכַּפֹּֽרֶת (al-ha-kapporet) – Root: כפר (k-p-r); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Above the mercy seat”; Notes: Specifies location of appearance.