לֹֽא־תִשְׂנָ֥א אֶת־אָחִ֖יךָ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ הֹוכֵ֤חַ תֹּוכִ֨יחַ֙ אֶת־עֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ וְלֹא־תִשָּׂ֥א עָלָ֖יו חֵֽטְא׃
Do not hate your brother in your heart; you shall surely rebuke your neighbor and not bear sin because of him.
Morphology
- לֹֽא־תִשְׂנָ֥א (lo-tisna) – Root: שנא (s-n-ʾ); Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Do not hate”; Notes: Prohibitive command forbidding hatred.
- אֶת־אָחִ֖יךָ (et-akhikha) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Accusative particle + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your brother”; Notes: Refers to a fellow Israelite or relative.
- בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ (bi-lvavekha) – Root: לבב (l-v-v); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “In your heart”; Notes: Denotes internal disposition.
- הֹוכֵ֤חַ (hokheach) – Root: יכח (y-kh-k); Form: Hiphil infinitive absolute; Translation: “You shall surely rebuke”; Notes: Emphasizes the act of correction.
- תֹּוכִ֨יחַ֙ (tokhiach) – Root: יכח (y-kh-k); Form: Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You shall rebuke”; Notes: Indicates an imperative action directed towards correcting another.
- אֶת־עֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ (et-amitekha) – Root: עמית (ʿ-m-y-t); Form: Accusative particle + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your neighbor”; Notes: Refers to a peer or companion within the community.
- וְלֹא־תִשָּׂ֥א (velo-tissa) – Root: נשא (n-s-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “And not bear”; Notes: Warns against carrying responsibility for sin.
- עָלָ֖יו (alav) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Because of him”; Notes: Refers to the neighbor being rebuked.
- חֵֽטְא (chet) – Root: חטא (ḥ-ṭ-ʾ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Sin”; Notes: Refers to wrongdoing or guilt.