וָאֹמַ֣ר לָכֶ֗ם אַתֶּם֮ תִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־אַדְמָתָם֒ וַאֲנִ֞י אֶתְּנֶ֤נָּה לָכֶם֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֹתָ֔הּ אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָ֑שׁ אֲנִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־הִבְדַּ֥לְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִן־הָֽעַמִּֽים׃
And I said to you, ‘You shall inherit their land, and I will give it to you to possess, a land flowing with milk and honey. I am YHWH your God, who has separated you from the nations.’
Morphology
- וָאֹמַ֣ר (va-omar) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “And I said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking.
- לָכֶ֗ם (lachem) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Directs the statement to the Israelites.
- אַתֶּם֮ (atem) – Root: Pronoun; Form: 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You”; Notes: Emphasizes the recipients.
- תִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ (tirshu) – Root: ירש (y-r-sh); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You shall inherit”; Notes: Refers to taking possession of the land.
- אֶת־אַדְמָתָם֒ (et-admatam) – Root: אדמה (ʾ-d-m-h); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their land”; Notes: Refers to the land of the nations being driven out.
- וַאֲנִ֞י (va-ani) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun; Translation: “And I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s action.
- אֶתְּנֶ֤נָּה (etnenah) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “I will give it”; Notes: Refers to the land being granted to the Israelites.
- לָכֶם֙ (lachem) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Direct object.
- לָרֶ֣שֶׁת (la-reshet) – Root: ירש (y-r-sh); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “To possess”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the gift.
- אֹתָ֔הּ (otah) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “It”; Notes: Refers to the land.
- אֶ֛רֶץ (eretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “A land”; Notes: Describes the nature of the gift.
- זָבַ֥ת (zavat) – Root: זוב (z-w-b); Form: Qal participle feminine singular construct; Translation: “Flowing”; Notes: Describes abundance.
- חָלָ֖ב (ḥalav) – Root: חלב (ḥ-l-v); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Milk”; Notes: Paired with honey to describe prosperity.
- וּדְבָ֑שׁ (u-devash) – Root: דבש (d-v-sh); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “And honey”; Notes: Completes the description of abundance.
- אֲנִי֙ (ani) – Root: Pronoun; Form: 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton.
- אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם (Eloheikhem) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Your God”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s covenant relationship.
- אֲשֶׁר־ (asher) – Root: Relative particle; Form: Particle; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- הִבְדַּ֥לְתִּי (hivdalti) – Root: בדל (b-d-l); Form: Hiphil perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have separated”; Notes: Refers to YHWH setting Israel apart.
- אֶתְכֶ֖ם (etkhem) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “You”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- מִן־הָֽעַמִּֽים (min-ha-ammim) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “From the nations”; Notes: Refers to Israel’s distinction from other peoples.