וְאֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל תְּדַבֵּ֣ר לֵאמֹ֑ר אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ כִּֽי־יְקַלֵּ֥ל אֱלֹהָ֖יו וְנָשָׂ֥א חֶטְאֹֽו׃
And to the sons of Yisra’el you shall speak, saying: Any man who curses his God shall bear his sin.
Morphology
- וְאֶל־בְּנֵ֥י (veʾel-bnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Conjunction ו with preposition אֶל and masculine plural construct; Translation: “And to the sons of”; Notes: Introduces the indirect object, “the sons of Yisra’el.”
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisra’el) – Root: שר (sh-r) / אל (ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the covenant people of God.
- תְּדַבֵּ֣ר (tedabber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You shall speak”; Notes: Directed toward Moshe as the speaker to Yisra’el.
- לֵאמֹ֑ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Infinitive construct with preposition ל; Translation: “Saying”; Notes: Used to introduce a direct quotation.
- אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ (ʾish ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Singular noun repeated; Translation: “Any man”; Notes: A Hebrew idiom for universality, referring to any individual.
- כִּֽי־יְקַלֵּ֥ל (ki-yeqallel) – Root: קלל (q-l-l); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Who curses”; Notes: Denotes an act of verbal blasphemy or disparagement.
- אֱלֹהָ֖יו (ʾelohav) – Root: אלוה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Masculine plural with 3rd person singular suffix; Translation: “His God”; Notes: Refers to the deity of the individual.
- וְנָשָׂ֥א (venasa) – Root: נשא (n-s-ʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “Shall bear”; Notes: Indicates the carrying or bearing of responsibility.
- חֶטְאֹֽו׃ (ḥetʾo) – Root: חטא (ḥ-t-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular noun with 3rd person singular suffix; Translation: “His sin”; Notes: Refers to the guilt or punishment due for the transgression.