וְקִדַּשְׁתֶּ֗ם אֵ֣ת שְׁנַ֤ת הַחֲמִשִּׁים֙ שָׁנָ֔ה וּקְרָאתֶ֥ם דְּרֹ֛ור בָּאָ֖רֶץ לְכָל־יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ יֹובֵ֥ל הִוא֙ תִּהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם וְשַׁבְתֶּ֗ם אִ֚ישׁ אֶל־אֲחֻזָּתֹ֔ו וְאִ֥ישׁ אֶל־מִשְׁפַּחְתֹּ֖ו תָּשֻֽׁבוּ׃
And you shall sanctify the fiftieth year and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a Jubilee for you, and each of you shall return to his property, and each of you shall return to his family.
Morphology
- וְקִדַּשְׁתֶּ֗ם (veqiddashtem) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Conjunction ו with Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall sanctify”; Notes: Indicates an action of consecration or setting apart.
- אֵ֣ת (et) – Root: Not applicable; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “[the]”; Notes: Marks the direct object of the verb.
- שְׁנַ֤ת (shenat) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun in construct; Translation: “The year of”; Notes: Connects with the following word to indicate possession.
- הַחֲמִשִּׁים֙ (hachamishim) – Root: חמש (ḥ-m-sh); Form: Masculine plural ordinal with definite article; Translation: “The fiftieth”; Notes: Refers to the specific year in question.
- שָׁנָ֔ה (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “Year”; Notes: Reinforces the time period mentioned.
- וּקְרָאתֶ֥ם (uqratem) – Root: קרא (q-r-ʾ); Form: Conjunction ו with Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall proclaim”; Notes: Indicates a declaration or announcement.
- דְּרֹ֛ור (deror) – Root: דרר (d-r-r); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Liberty”; Notes: Refers to freedom or release.
- בָּאָ֖רֶץ (ba’aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Preposition ב with feminine singular noun and definite article; Translation: “In the land”; Notes: Indicates location.
- לְכָל־ (lekhol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition ל with masculine singular noun in construct; Translation: “To all”; Notes: Indicates inclusiveness.
- יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ (yoshveha) – Root: ישׁב (y-sh-b); Form: Masculine plural participle with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Its inhabitants”; Notes: Refers to those dwelling in the land.
- יֹובֵ֥ל (yovel) – Root: יבל (y-b-l); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Jubilee”; Notes: A term specific to the fiftieth year.
- הִוא֙ (hi) – Root: Not applicable; Form: Feminine singular pronoun; Translation: “It”; Notes: Refers back to the Jubilee.
- תִּהְיֶ֣ה (tihyeh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “Shall be”; Notes: Indicates future state or condition.
- לָכֶ֔ם (lakhem) – Root: לכם (l-k-m); Form: Preposition ל with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “For you”; Notes: Specifies the beneficiaries.
- וְשַׁבְתֶּ֗ם (veshavtem) – Root: שוב (sh-w-b); Form: Conjunction ו with Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall return”; Notes: Indicates a physical or relational restoration.
- אִ֚ישׁ (ish) – Root: אישׁ (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Each man”; Notes: Refers to individuals.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: Not applicable; Form: Preposition; Translation: “To”; Notes: Indicates direction.
- אֲחֻזָּתֹ֔ו (aḥuzzato) – Root: אחז (ʾ-ḥ-z); Form: Feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His property”; Notes: Refers to land holdings.
- וְאִ֥ישׁ (ve’ish) – Root: אישׁ (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Conjunction ו with masculine singular noun; Translation: “And each man”; Notes: Adds emphasis to individual return.
- אֶל־מִשְׁפַּחְתֹּ֖ו (el-mishpaḥto) – Root: שׁפחה (m-sh-p-ḥ); Form: Feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “To his family”; Notes: Refers to familial restoration.
- תָּשֻֽׁבוּ׃ (tashuvu) – Root: שוב (sh-w-b); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You shall return”; Notes: Refers to the act of restoring individuals to their familial and ancestral lands.