וְאִ֨ם כָּל־עֲדַ֤ת יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׁגּ֔וּ וְנֶעְלַ֣ם דָּבָ֔ר מֵעֵינֵ֖י הַקָּהָ֑ל וְ֠עָשׂוּ אַחַ֨ת מִכָּל־מִצְוֹ֧ת יְהוָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵעָשֶׂ֖ינָה וְאָשֵֽׁמוּ׃
And if the entire congregation of Yisraʾel errs and a matter is hidden from the eyes of the assembly, and they do one of the commands of YHWH which must not be done, and they become guilty.
Morphology
- וְאִ֨ם (veʾim) – Root: אם (ʾ-m); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “And if”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- כָּל־עֲדַ֤ת (kol-ʿadat) – Root: עדה (ʿ-d-h); Form: Noun, fs construct; Translation: “The entire congregation of”; Notes: Refers to the collective body of Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (Yisraʾel) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
- יִשְׁגּ֔וּ (yishgu) – Root: שגג (sh-g-g); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “Err”; Notes: Indicates unintentional sin or mistake.
- וְנֶעְלַ֣ם (veneʿlam) – Root: עלם (ʿ-l-m); Form: Verb, Niphal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And is hidden”; Notes: Refers to something being concealed or unknown.
- דָּבָ֔ר (davar) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Matter”; Notes: Refers to the issue or commandment in question.
- מֵעֵינֵ֖י (meʿenei) – Root: עין (ʿ-y-n); Form: Preposition + noun, dual construct; Translation: “From the eyes of”; Notes: Indicates a lack of awareness.
- הַקָּהָ֑ל (haqahal) – Root: קהל (q-h-l); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “The assembly”; Notes: Refers to the gathered community.
- וְ֠עָשׂוּ (veʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, 3mp; Translation: “And they do”; Notes: Refers to an action taken.
- אַחַ֨ת (ʾaḥat) – Root: אחד (ʾ-ḥ-d); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “One”; Notes: Refers to a single commandment.
- מִכָּל־מִצְוֹ֧ת (mikkol-mitsvot) – Root: מצוה (m-ts-w-h); Form: Preposition + noun, fp construct; Translation: “Of all the commands of”; Notes: Refers to the divine commandments.
- יְהוָ֛ה (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Root: N/A; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- לֹא־תֵעָשֶׂ֖ינָה (lo-teʿasenah) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Niphal, imperfect, 3fp; Translation: “Must not be done”; Notes: Refers to prohibited actions.
- וְאָשֵֽׁמוּ (veʾashmu) – Root: אשם (ʾ-sh-m); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, 3mp; Translation: “And they become guilty”; Notes: Indicates liability for wrongdoing.