לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י חֹשֵׁ֛ב עַל־הַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את רָעָ֑ה אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹֽא־תָמִ֨ישׁוּ מִשָּׁ֜ם צַוְּארֹֽתֵיכֶ֗ם וְלֹ֤א תֵֽלְכוּ֙ רֹומָ֔ה כִּ֛י עֵ֥ת רָעָ֖ה הִֽיא׃
Therefore thus says YHWH: “Behold I am devising against this clan evil from which you shall not remove your necks and you shall not walk proudly for it is a time of evil.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (lakhen) — Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Therefore”; Notes: Introduces divine judgment as the consequence of prior actions.
- כֹּה (koh) — Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Standard prophetic messenger formula.
- אָמַר (amar) — Root: אמר (amar); Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “says”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s authoritative declaration.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) — Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant God of Yisraʾel.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) — Root: הן (hen); Form: Particle + 1cs suffix; Translation: “Behold I”; Notes: Emphasizes imminent divine action.
- חֹשֵׁב (ḥoshev) — Root: חשב (ḥashav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “am devising”; Notes: YHWH plans calamity as just recompense.
- עַל (ʿal) — Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “against”; Notes: Directs the judgment toward the target.
- הַמִּשְׁפָּחָה (ha-mishpaḥah) — Root: שׁפח (shafakh, probable in etymology); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the clan”; Notes: Refers to a social unit of Yisraʾel.
- הַזֹּאת (ha-zot) — Root: זה (zeh); Form: Definite demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the clan under judgment.
- רָעָה (raʿah) — Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Refers to calamity, not moral evil.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) — Root: אשר (’asher); Form: Relative particle; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- לֹא (lo) — Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- תָמִישׁוּ (tamishu) — Root: מושׁ (mush); Form: Qal imperfect 2mp; Translation: “you shall remove”; Notes: Refers to the inability to escape the burden.
- מִשָּׁם (mi-sham) — Root: שם (sham); Form: Preposition מִן + adverb; Translation: “from there”; Notes: “There” refers to the imposed calamity.
- צַוְּארֹתֵיכֶם (tsav’roteikhem) — Root: צוואר (tsavvar); Form: Noun masculine plural with suffix 2mp; Translation: “your necks”; Notes: Symbol of bearing a yoke of oppression.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) — Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Continues the prohibition or negation.
- תֵלְכוּ (telkhu) — Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 2mp; Translation: “you shall walk”; Notes: Refers to deportment or manner of life.
- רֹומָה (romah) — Root: רום (rum); Form: Adverb; Translation: “proudly”; Notes: Literally “high,” indicating arrogance.
- כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the rationale.
- עֵת (ʿet) — Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a time”; Notes: Refers to a specific period.
- רָעָה (raʿah) — Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “of evil”; Notes: A period characterized by calamity.
- הִיא (hi) — Root: הוא (hu/hi); Form: Pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “it is”; Notes: Concludes the rationale referring to the grim time.