Micah 3:10

בֹּנֶ֥ה צִיֹּ֖ון בְּדָמִ֑ים וִירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם בְּעַוְלָֽה׃

Building Tsiyyon with bloodshed and Yerushalayim with injustice.

Morphology

1. בֹּנֶה (boneh) — Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “building”; Notes: Participial form describes ongoing, habitual corrupt activity.
2. צִיֹּון (Tsiyyon) — Root: ציון (Tsiyyon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Tsiyyon”; Notes: Refers to the central hill of Jerusalem symbolizing the nation’s leadership.
3. בְּדָמִים (be-damim) — Root: דם (dam); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “with bloodshed”; Notes: Indicates violent oppression as the means of construction.
4. וִירוּשָׁלִַם (vi-Yerushalayim) — Root: ירושלים (Yerushalayim); Form: Conjunction וְ + proper noun; Translation: “and Yerushalayim”; Notes: Parallel to Tsiyyon, emphasizing national centers of power.
5. בְּעַוְלָה (be-ʿavlah) — Root: עול (ʿaval); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “with injustice”; Notes: Highlights moral corruption and exploitation in governance.