שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֣א זֹ֗את רָאשֵׁי֙ בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּקְצִינֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הַֽמֲתַעֲבִ֣ים מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וְאֵ֥ת כָּל־הַיְשָׁרָ֖ה יְעַקֵּֽשׁוּ׃
Hear now this heads of the house of Yaʿaqov and chiefs of the house of Yisraʾel those who abhor justice and all uprightness they pervert.
Morphology
- שִׁמְעוּ (shimʿu) — Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “hear”; Notes: Strong prophetic summons demanding attention.
- נָא (na) — Root: נא (na); Form: Particle of entreaty; Translation: “now”; Notes: Softens the command while conveying urgency.
- זֹאת (zot) — Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the prophetic message.
- רָאשֵׁי (rashei) — Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “heads of”; Notes: Indicates top leadership tiers.
- בֵּית (beit) — Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “house of”; Notes: Refers to the clan or national household.
- יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿaqov) — Root: יעקב (Yaʿaqov); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yaʿaqov”; Notes: Represents the nation descended from Yaʿaqov.
- וּקְצִינֵי (u-qetsinei) — Root: קצן (qatsin); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “and chiefs of”; Notes: Parallel to “heads,” stressing authority.
- בֵּית (beit) — Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “house of”; Notes: Constructs with Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) — Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: National covenant name.
- הַמֲּתַעֲבִים (ha-mataʿavim) — Root: תעב (taʿav); Form: Definite article הַ + Piel participle masculine plural; Translation: “those who abhor”; Notes: Piel expresses intense detestation.
- מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat) — Root: שפט (shafat); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “justice”; Notes: Core covenant ethic rejected by corrupt leaders.
- וְאֵת (ve-et) — Root: את (ʾet); Form: Conjunction וְ + direct object marker; Translation: “and —”; Notes: Marks the second object of the perverting action.
- כָּל (kol) — Root: כלל (kallal); Form: Noun כֹּל masculine singular; Translation: “all”; Notes: Totality marker.
- הַיְשָׁרָה (ha-yesharah) — Root: ישׁר (yashar); Form: Definite article הַ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the uprightness”; Notes: Refers to moral rectitude.
- יְעַקֵּשׁוּ (yeʿaqkeshu) — Root: עקשׁ (ʿaqash); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they pervert”; Notes: Piel conveys active twisting or corruption of what is straight.