לָכֵ֞ן לַ֤יְלָה לָכֶם֙ מֵֽחָזֹ֔ון וְחָשְׁכָ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם מִקְּסֹ֑ם וּבָ֤אָה הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ עַל־הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים וְקָדַ֥ר עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הַיֹּֽום׃
Therefore night shall be for you from vision and darkness for you from divination and the sun shall go down upon the prophets and the day shall grow dark over them.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (laken) — Root: כן (ken); Form: Preposition לְ + adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces a judgment conclusion.
- לַיְלָה (la-laylah) — Root: לילה (laylah); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “night shall be”; Notes: Symbolizes absence of revelation.
- לָכֶם (la-khem) — Root: כם (khem); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Addressed to the false prophets.
- מֵחָזֹון (me-ḥazon) — Root: חזון (ḥazon); Form: Preposition מִן (reduced form מֵ) + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from vision”; Notes: Withdrawal of prophetic insight.
- וְחָשְׁכָה (ve-ḥashkhah) — Root: חשׁך (ḥashakh); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and darkness”; Notes: Parallels “night,” intensifying the imagery.
- לָכֶם (la-khem) — Root: כם (khem); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 2mp; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- מִקְּסֹם (mi-ksesom) — Root: קסם (qesem); Form: Preposition מִן + doubled-nun noun masculine singular; Translation: “from divination”; Notes: Divine silence even to illegitimate divination.
- וּבָאָה (u-vaʾah) — Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Conjunction וּ + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and shall go down”; Notes: Feminine verb agrees with שֶׁמֶשׁ (sun).
- הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ (ha-shemesh) — Root: שמשׁ (shemesh); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the sun”; Notes: Symbol of illumination and clarity now withdrawn.
- עַל (ʿal) — Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Indicates what the darkening affects.
- הַנְּבִיאִים (ha-neviʾim) — Root: נבא (navaʾ); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “the prophets”; Notes: Refers to the corrupt prophets condemned in context.
- וְקָדַר (ve-qadar) — Root: קדר (qadar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and shall grow dark”; Notes: Often used of mourning or gloom.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) — Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “over them”; Notes: The prophets are enveloped in darkness.
- הַיֹּום (ha-yom) — Root: יום (yom); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the day”; Notes: Temporal marker: the daylight itself becomes dark.