Nahum 1:10

כִּ֚י עַד־סִירִ֣ים סְבֻכִ֔ים וּכְסָבְאָ֖ם סְבוּאִ֑ים אֻ֨כְּל֔וּ כְּקַ֥שׁ יָבֵ֖שׁ מָלֵֽא׃

For even as tangled thorns and as their drinkings drenched, they are consumed like dry stubble fully dry.

Morphology

1. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces explanation or rationale for the preceding judgment.
2. עַד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “as / even to”; Notes: Here used in a comparative sense with the maqaf phrase that follows.
3. סִירִים (sirim) – Root: סיר (sir); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “thorns”; Notes: Often used metaphorically for something easily burned.
4. סְבֻכִים (sevukhim) – Root: סבך (savakh); Form: Pual participle masculine plural; Translation: “tangled”; Notes: Depicts dense, interwoven thorns.
5. וּכְסָבְאָם (u-ke-savʾam) – Root: סבא (savaʾ); Form: Conjunction וּ + preposition כְּ + noun masculine plural + suffix 3ms; Translation: “and as their drinkings”; Notes: Refers to their drunken feasting; suffix refers to the condemned people (Nineweh/Assyria).
6. סְבוּאִים (sevuʾim) – Root: סבא (savaʾ); Form: Pual participle masculine plural; Translation: “drenched / soaked (with drink)”; Notes: Intensifies their state of drunken vulnerability.
7. אֻכְּלוּ (ukkelu) – Root: אכל (akhal); Form: Pual perfect 3mp; Translation: “they are consumed”; Notes: Passive intensive—utterly devoured.
8. כְּקַשׁ (ke-qash) – Root: קשׁ (qash); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like stubble”; Notes: Frequently used as an image of flammable judgment.
9. יָבֵשׁ (yavesh) – Root: יבשׁ (yavash); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “dry”; Notes: Indicates complete brittleness—ready to burn instantly.
10. מָלֵא (male) – Root: מלא (maleʾ); Form: Adverbial use of adjective masculine singular; Translation: “fully / completely”; Notes: Intensifies the dryness and therefore the ease of being consumed.