וְהָיָ֤ה כָל־רֹאַ֨יִךְ֙ יִדֹּ֣וד מִמֵּ֔ךְ וְאָמַר֙ שָׁדְּדָ֣ה נִֽינְוֵ֔ה מִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑הּ מֵאַ֛יִן אֲבַקֵּ֥שׁ מְנַחֲמִ֖ים לָֽךְ׃
And it will be that all who see you will flee from you and will say Nineve is devastated who will lament for her from where shall I seek comforters for you.”
Morphology
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) — Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “and it will be”; Notes: Introduces a future consequence.
- כָל (kol) — Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Governs the following participial form.
- רֹאָיִךְ (roʾayikh) — Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal participle masculine plural + 2fs suffix; Translation: “those who see you”; Notes: Refers to onlookers of Nineweh’s fall.
- יִדֹּוד (yiddod) — Root: נדד (nadad); Form: Qal imperfect 3ms; Translation: “will flee”; Notes: Depicts terror and retreat.
- מִמֵּךְ (mimmekh) — Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition מִן + second fs suffix; Translation: “from you”; Notes: Indicates distance from the destroyed city.
- וְאָמַר (ve-amar) — Root: אמר (amar); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “and will say”; Notes: Introduces the onlookers’ response.
- שָׁדְּדָה (shaddedah) — Root: שׁדד (shadad); Form: Pual perfect 3fs; Translation: “is devastated”; Notes: Describes Nineweh in the passive state of ruin.
- נִינְוֵה (Ninveh) — Root: —; Form: Proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “Nineweh”; Notes: Name of the Assyrian capital.
- מִי (mi) — Root: מי (mi); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical question.
- יָנוּד (yanud) — Root: נוד (nud); Form: Qal imperfect 3ms; Translation: “will lament”; Notes: Refers to mourning or showing sympathy.
- לָהּ (lah) — Root: ל (lamed preposition); Form: Preposition לְ + third fs suffix; Translation: “for her”; Notes: Refers to Nineweh.
- מֵאַיִן (me-ayin) — Root: אין (ʾayin, interrogative/negative); Form: Preposition מִן + interrogative; Translation: “from where”; Notes: Introduces an impossible search.
- אֲבַקֵּשׁ (avaqqesh) — Root: בקשׁ (baqash); Form: Piel imperfect 1cs; Translation: “shall I seek”; Notes: Prophet speaking rhetorically.
- מְנַחֲמִים (menaḥamim) — Root: נחם (naḥam); Form: Piel participle masculine plural; Translation: “comforters”; Notes: Those who console a devastated people.
- לָךְ (lakh) — Root: ל (lamed); Form: Preposition לְ + second fs suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Refers again to Nineweh.