וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־הָעֵדָ֜ה הִקְהִ֗ילוּ בְּאֶחָד֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י וַיִּתְיַֽלְד֥וּ עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ות מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֛ה וָמַ֖עְלָה לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם׃
And they assembled all the congregation on the first of the second month, and they registered themselves by their families, by their fathers’ houses, according to the number of names, from twenty years old and upward, by their skulls.
Morphology
- וְאֵ֨ת (ve-et) – Root: את (‘-t); Form: Direct object marker with conjunction; Translation: “And”; Notes: Marks the direct object of the verb.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun, construct; Translation: “All”; Notes: Refers to the entirety of the congregation.
- הָעֵדָ֜ה (ha-edah) – Root: עדה (‘-d-h); Form: Feminine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “The congregation”; Notes: Refers to the assembly of Yisra’el.
- הִקְהִ֗ילוּ (hik’hilu) – Root: קהל (q-h-l); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “They assembled”; Notes: Refers to the act of gathering the people.
- בְּאֶחָד֙ (be-eḥad) – Root: אחד (‘-ḥ-d); Form: Masculine singular cardinal number with preposition; Translation: “On the first”; Notes: Refers to the first day of the month.
- לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ (la-ḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥ-d-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “Of the month”; Notes: Refers to the lunar calendar month.
- הַשֵּׁנִ֔י (ha-sheni) – Root: שני (sh-n-y); Form: Masculine singular ordinal number with definite article; Translation: “The second”; Notes: Refers to the second month of the year.
- וַיִּתְיַֽלְד֥וּ (vayyityaldu) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive; Translation: “They registered themselves”; Notes: Refers to recording lineage or family identity.
- עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם (al-mishpeḥotam) – Root: משפחה (m-sh-p-ḥ); Form: Feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “By their families”; Notes: Indicates organization by family groups.
- לְבֵ֣ית (le-veit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Masculine singular construct noun with preposition; Translation: “By the house of”; Notes: Refers to ancestral houses.
- אֲבֹתָ֑ם (avotam) – Root: אב (‘-v); Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their fathers”; Notes: Refers to the ancestral lineage.
- בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר (be-mispar) – Root: מספר (m-s-p-r); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “According to the number”; Notes: Indicates enumeration.
- שֵׁמֹ֗ות (shemot) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Masculine plural noun; Translation: “Names”; Notes: Refers to individual names recorded.
- מִבֶּ֨ן (mi-ben) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “From the age of”; Notes: Refers to the starting age for the census.
- עֶשְׂרִ֥ים (esrim) – Root: עשר (‘-s-r); Form: Masculine plural cardinal number; Translation: “Twenty”; Notes: Refers to the specified age.
- שָׁנָ֛ה (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “Years”; Notes: Refers to years of age.
- וָמַ֖עְלָה (u-ma’lah) – Root: מעל (m-ʿ-l); Form: Conjunction + noun; Translation: “And upward”; Notes: Indicates ages above twenty years.
- לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם (le-gulgelotam) – Root: גלגלת (g-l-g-l-t); Form: Feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and preposition; Translation: “By their skulls”; Notes: Refers to an individual headcount.